महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-123, verse-10

मुमूर्षुर्युयुधानेन विरथोऽसि विसर्जितः ।
यदृच्छया भीमसेनं विरथं कृतवानसि ॥१०॥

10. mumūrṣuryuyudhānena viratho'si visarjitaḥ ,
yadṛcchayā bhīmasenaṁ virathaṁ kṛtavānasi.

10. mumūrṣuḥ yuyudhānena virathaḥ asi visarjitaḥ
yadṛcchayā bhīmasenam viratham kṛtavān asi

10. mumūrṣuḥ virathaḥ yuyudhānena visarjitaḥ asi.
yadṛcchayā bhīmasenam viratham kṛtavān asi.

10. Desiring death, you were released by Yuyudhāna (Satyaki) after being dismounted from your chariot. Yet, by mere chance, you succeeded in making Bhīmasena chariot-less.

Words meanings summery:

• मुमूर्षुः (mumūrṣuḥ) - desirous of dying, wishing to die

• युयुधानेन (yuyudhānena) - by Satyaki (by Yuyudhāna)

• विरथः (virathaḥ) - chariot-less, dismounted from a chariot

• असि (asi) - you are

• विसर्जितः (visarjitaḥ) - released, let go, dismissed

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, arbitrarily

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

• विरथम् (viratham) - chariot-less, dismounted from a chariot

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - having made, who made

• असि (asi) - you are

Words meanings and morphology

मुमूर्षुः (mumūrṣuḥ) - desirous of dying, wishing to die

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mumūrṣu

mumūrṣu - desirous of dying, wishing to die

desiderative participle

Derived from the desiderative stem of root mṛ (to die) with suffix -u.

Root: mṛ (class 1)

युयुधानेन (yuyudhānena) - by Satyaki (by Yuyudhāna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - Yuyudhāna (another name for Satyaki)

विरथः (virathaḥ) - chariot-less, dismounted from a chariot

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariot-less, without a chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, separation, distinct
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice of root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

विसर्जितः (visarjitaḥ) - released, let go, dismissed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visarjita

visarjita - released, let go, abandoned, dismissed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sṛj (to release) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, arbitrarily

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here adverbially, meaning 'by chance'.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (a son of Pāṇḍu, also called Bhīma)

विरथम् (viratham) - chariot-less, dismounted from a chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - chariot-less, without a chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, separation, distinct
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - having made, who made

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - having done, having made

Past Active Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tavat.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice of root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms a perfect tense with kṛtavān: 'you have made'.