महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-123, verse-19

तस्मिन्नाकुलसंग्रामे वर्तमाने महाभये ।
मन्दरश्मिः सहस्रांशुरस्तं गिरिमुपागमत् ॥१९॥

19. tasminnākulasaṁgrāme vartamāne mahābhaye ,
mandaraśmiḥ sahasrāṁśurastaṁ girimupāgamat.

19. tasmin ākula-saṅgrāme vartamāne mahābhaye
mandaraśmiḥ sahasrāṁśuḥ astam girim upāgamat

19. mahābhaye ākula-saṅgrāme tasmin vartamāne
mandaraśmiḥ sahasrāṁśuḥ astam girim upāgamat

19. While that turbulent and greatly fearsome battle was ongoing, the sun, with its dimming rays, went towards the setting mountain (i.e., set).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (battle) (in that, on that)

• आकुल-सङ्ग्रामे (ākula-saṅgrāme) - in the turbulent battle, in the agitated battle

• वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - (while the battle was) ongoing (while being, while ongoing, present)

• महाभये (mahābhaye) - (in the battle which was) greatly fearsome (in the great fear, in the greatly fearful (situation/battle))

• मन्दरश्मिः (mandaraśmiḥ) - with its dimming rays (referring to the sun) (having dim rays, with weakened luster)

• सहस्रांशुः (sahasrāṁśuḥ) - the sun (having a thousand rays)

• अस्तम् (astam) - towards setting (as in sunset) (to the setting place, home, disappearance)

• गिरिम् (girim) - the (setting) mountain (mountain)

• उपागमत् (upāgamat) - approached, went towards

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (battle) (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can be masculine or neuter in locative singular, here referring to 'saṅgrāme'.

आकुल-सङ्ग्रामे (ākula-saṅgrāme) - in the turbulent battle, in the agitated battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākula-saṅgrāma

ākula-saṅgrāma - turbulent battle, agitated battle

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ākula+saṅgrāma)

• ākula – turbulent, agitated, confused, disturbed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kul, with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kul (class 1)
• saṅgrāma – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - (while the battle was) ongoing (while being, while ongoing, present)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, current, ongoing

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from root √vṛt (to turn, to be, to exist) with -māna suffix.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṅgrāme' and 'mahābhaye'.

महाभये (mahābhaye) - (in the battle which was) greatly fearsome (in the great fear, in the greatly fearful (situation/battle))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahābhaya

mahābhaya - great fear; greatly fearful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhaya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhaya – fear, dread, danger
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'saṅgrāme'.

मन्दरश्मिः (mandaraśmiḥ) - with its dimming rays (referring to the sun) (having dim rays, with weakened luster)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandaraśmi

mandaraśmi - having slow/dull/weak rays

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manda+raśmi)

• manda – slow, dull, weak, dim
  adjective
• raśmi – ray, beam, rope
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sahasrāṁśuḥ'.

सहस्रांशुः (sahasrāṁśuḥ) - the sun (having a thousand rays)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahasrāṁśu

sahasrāṁśu - sun (lit. 'having a thousand rays')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sahasra+aṁśu)

• sahasra – thousand
  numeral
• aṁśu – ray, beam, light
  noun (masculine)

अस्तम् (astam) - towards setting (as in sunset) (to the setting place, home, disappearance)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

गिरिम् (girim) - the (setting) mountain (mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Note: Object of 'upāgamat'.

उपागमत् (upāgamat) - approached, went towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upāgam

Imperfect 3rd person singular, with prefix upa-ā-.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)