महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-110, verse-15

पतंगा इव वह्निं ते प्राविशन्नल्पचेतसः ।
ये भीमसेनं संक्रुद्धमभ्यधावन्विमोहिताः ॥१५॥

15. pataṁgā iva vahniṁ te prāviśannalpacetasaḥ ,
ye bhīmasenaṁ saṁkruddhamabhyadhāvanvimohitāḥ.

15. pataṅgāḥ iva vahnim te prāviśan alpacetasaḥ ye
bhīmasenam saṃkruddham abhyadhāvan vimohitāḥ

15. ye vimohitāḥ alpacetasaḥ te saṃkruddham bhīmasenam
abhyadhāvan (te) pataṅgāḥ iva vahnim prāviśan

15. Those foolish individuals, deluded, who charged towards the greatly enraged Bhīmasena, entered him like moths rushing into a fire (vahni).

Words meanings summery:

• पतङ्गाः (pataṅgāḥ) - moths (moths, grasshoppers, birds)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वह्निम् (vahnim) - fire (vahni) (fire, Agni (god of fire))

• ते (te) - they (they (masculine/neuter plural nominative or masculine/feminine/neuter plural accusative))

• प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - they entered

• अल्पचेतसः (alpacetasaḥ) - foolish individuals (those with little intelligence, foolish, ignorant)

• ये (ye) - who (masculine plural nominative)

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

• संक्रुद्धम् (saṁkruddham) - greatly enraged, furious, highly angered

• अभ्यधावन् (abhyadhāvan) - they ran towards, they attacked

• विमोहिताः (vimohitāḥ) - deluded, bewildered, infatuated

Words meanings and morphology

पतङ्गाः (pataṅgāḥ) - moths (moths, grasshoppers, birds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pataṅga

pataṅga - moth, grasshopper, bird (lit. 'that which flies')

Compound of pat (flying) and ga (going).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (pat+ga)

• pat – flying, falling
  verb
  root
  Root: pat (class 1)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  From root √gam (to go) with suffix -a.
  Root: gam (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

वह्निम् (vahnim) - fire (vahni) (fire, Agni (god of fire))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, Agni (god of fire), carrier

From root √vah (to carry, bear).

Root: vah (class 1)

ते (te) - they (they (masculine/neuter plural nominative or masculine/feminine/neuter plural accusative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'those foolish ones'.

प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of praviś

Root √viś (to enter) with prefix pra- (forth).

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

अल्पचेतसः (alpacetasaḥ) - foolish individuals (those with little intelligence, foolish, ignorant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of alpacetas

alpacetas - having little intelligence or mind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+cetas)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intelligence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'ye' (who).

ये (ye) - who (masculine plural nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to the foolish individuals.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (a proper name)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• senā – army
  noun (feminine)

संक्रुद्धम् (saṁkruddham) - greatly enraged, furious, highly angered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - very angry, greatly enraged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √krudh (to be angry) with prefixes sam- (together, completely).

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'Bhīmasena'.

अभ्यधावन् (abhyadhāvan) - they ran towards, they attacked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyadhāv

Root √dhāv (to run) with prefix abhi- and augment a- for past imperfect.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

विमोहिताः (vimohitāḥ) - deluded, bewildered, infatuated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimohita

vimohita - deluded, bewildered, infatuated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √muh (to be bewildered) with prefix vi- (away, apart) and suffix -ita (PPP).

Prefix: vi

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'ye' (who) and 'alpacetasaḥ'.