महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-108, verse-40

स तु तं विरथं कृत्वा स्मयन्नत्यन्तवैरिणम् ।
समाचिनोद्बाणगणैः शतघ्नीमिव शङ्कुभिः ॥४०॥

40. sa tu taṁ virathaṁ kṛtvā smayannatyantavairiṇam ,
samācinodbāṇagaṇaiḥ śataghnīmiva śaṅkubhiḥ.

40. sa tu tam viratham kṛtvā smayan atyanta-vairiṇam
samācinot bāṇa-gaṇaiḥ śataghnīm iva śaṅkubhiḥ

40. tu sa tam atyanta-vairiṇam viratham kṛtvā smayan
bāṇa-gaṇaiḥ samācinot iva śataghnīm śaṅkubhiḥ

40. But he (Bhīma), having rendered his arch-enemy (Durjaya) chariotless, smiling, covered him with hosts of arrows, just as a śataghnī (spiked weapon or fortification) is covered with spikes.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (referring to Bhīma) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तम् (tam) - Him (referring to Durjaya) (him, that)

• विरथम् (viratham) - (Durjaya) made chariotless (chariotless, deprived of a chariot)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having rendered (Durjaya) chariotless (having done, having made)

• स्मयन् (smayan) - (Bhīma) smiling (smiling)

• अत्यन्त-वैरिणम् (atyanta-vairiṇam) - His arch-enemy (Durjaya) (his arch-enemy, extreme foe)

• समाचिनोत् (samācinot) - he covered, heaped upon

• बाण-गणैः (bāṇa-gaṇaiḥ) - with hosts of arrows, with multitudes of arrows

• शतघ्नीम् (śataghnīm) - a type of weapon (literally 'hundred-slayer'), a wall covered with spikes

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• शङ्कुभिः (śaṅkubhiḥ) - with spikes, with stakes

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (referring to Bhīma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - Him (referring to Durjaya) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विरथम् (viratham) - (Durjaya) made chariotless (chariotless, deprived of a chariot)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, horseless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, deprived of
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having rendered (Durjaya) chariotless (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्मयन् (smayan) - (Bhīma) smiling (smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smayat

smayat - smiling, laughing gently

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'smi' (to smile)

Root: smi (class 1)

अत्यन्त-वैरिणम् (atyanta-vairiṇam) - His arch-enemy (Durjaya) (his arch-enemy, extreme foe)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atyanta-vairin

atyanta-vairin - an extreme enemy, arch-foe

Compound type : karmadhāraya (atyanta+vairin)

• atyanta – extreme, excessive, very much
  adjective
• vairin – enemy, hostile person
  noun (masculine)

समाचिनोत् (samācinot) - he covered, heaped upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ci

Verb with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ci (class 5)

बाण-गणैः (bāṇa-gaṇaiḥ) - with hosts of arrows, with multitudes of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa-gaṇa

bāṇa-gaṇa - multitude of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāṇa+gaṇa)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – host, multitude, group
  noun (masculine)

शतघ्नीम् (śataghnīm) - a type of weapon (literally 'hundred-slayer'), a wall covered with spikes

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śataghnī

śataghnī - a mythical weapon (literally 'hundred-slayer'); a rampart or wall covered with iron spikes, a spiked mace

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śata+ghnī)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• ghnī – slaying, killing
  adjective (feminine)
  agent noun (feminine)
  Feminine form of 'ghna', derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

शङ्कुभिः (śaṅkubhiḥ) - with spikes, with stakes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaṅku

śaṅku - spike, peg, stake, nail