महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-108, verse-18

महावेगैः प्रसन्नाग्रैः शातकुम्भपरिष्कृतैः ।
आहनद्भरतश्रेष्ठ भीमं वैकर्तनः शरैः ॥१८॥

18. mahāvegaiḥ prasannāgraiḥ śātakumbhapariṣkṛtaiḥ ,
āhanadbharataśreṣṭha bhīmaṁ vaikartanaḥ śaraiḥ.

18. mahāvegaiḥ prasannāgraiḥ śātakumbhapariṣkṛtaiḥ
āhanat bharataśreṣṭha bhīmam vaikartanaḥ śaraiḥ

18. bharataśreṣṭha vaikartanaḥ mahāvegaiḥ prasannāgraiḥ
śātakumbhapariṣkṛtaiḥ śaraiḥ bhīmam āhanat

18. O best among the Bhāratas, Karṇa struck Bhīma with arrows that were extremely swift, had sharp tips, and were adorned with pure gold.

Words meanings summery:

• महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - with great speed, extremely swift

• प्रसन्नाग्रैः (prasannāgraiḥ) - with clean/sharp tips

• शातकुम्भपरिष्कृतैः (śātakumbhapariṣkṛtaiḥ) - adorned with refined gold

• आहनत् (āhanat) - struck, hit, smote

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best among the Bhāratas (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best among Bharatas)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma, son of Pāṇḍu (Bhīma)

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karṇa (the son of Vikartana, Karṇa)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - with great speed, extremely swift

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, very swift, impetuous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity, impulse, current
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'

प्रसन्नाग्रैः (prasannāgraiḥ) - with clean/sharp tips

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prasannāgra

prasannāgra - having clean/sharp tips, with clear points

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prasanna+agra)

• prasanna – clear, bright, calm, pleased
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'sad' with prefix 'pra'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)
• agra – tip, point, front, summit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'

शातकुम्भपरिष्कृतैः (śātakumbhapariṣkṛtaiḥ) - adorned with refined gold

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śātakumbhapariṣkṛta

śātakumbhapariṣkṛta - adorned with refined gold, decorated with pure gold

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śātakumbha+pariṣkṛta)

• śātakumbha – refined gold, pure gold
  noun (neuter)
• pariṣkṛta – adorned, decorated, prepared, refined
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' with prefixes 'pari' and 'sam'
  Prefixes: pari+sam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'

आहनत् (āhanat) - struck, hit, smote

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āhan

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best among the Bhāratas (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best among Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king of the lunar dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma, son of Pāṇḍu (Bhīma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (proper name); formidable, terrible, dreadful

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karṇa (the son of Vikartana, Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - son of Vikartana (an epithet for Karṇa)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, cane