महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-38, verse-43

हित्वा तान्परमेष्वासान्पाण्डवानमितौजसः ।
आहितं भारतैश्वर्यं त्वया दुर्योधने महत् ॥४३॥

43. hitvā tānparameṣvāsānpāṇḍavānamitaujasaḥ ,
āhitaṁ bhārataiśvaryaṁ tvayā duryodhane mahat.

43. hitvā tān parameṣvāsān pāṇḍavān amitaujasaḥ
āhitam bhārata aiśvaryam tvayā duryodhane mahat

43. O Bhārata, by abandoning those Pāṇḍavas, who are mighty archers of immeasurable prowess, you have conferred great sovereignty (aiśvarya) upon Duryodhana.

Words meanings summery:

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

• तान् (tān) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (those, them)

• परमेष्वासान् (parameṣvāsān) - mighty archers (excellent archers, supreme bowmen)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• अमितौजसः (amitaujasaḥ) - of immeasurable prowess (of immeasurable energy/prowess)

• आहितम् (āhitam) - has been conferred (placed, set, conferred, entrusted)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - great sovereignty (aiśvarya) (sovereignty, power, dominion, prosperity)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - on Duryodhana

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

Words meanings and morphology

हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root hā with suffix -tvā

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

तान् (tān) - those (Pāṇḍavas) (those, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of 'hitvā', refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

परमेष्वासान् (parameṣvāsān) - mighty archers (excellent archers, supreme bowmen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parameṣvāsa

parameṣvāsa - supreme bowman, excellent archer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+iṣvāsa)

• parama – supreme, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'para'
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman (literally 'arrow-thrower' or 'bow-wielder')
  noun (masculine)
  From iṣu (arrow) + ās (to throw)
  Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'Pāṇḍavān'.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Descendant of Pāṇḍu

Note: Object of 'hitvā'.

अमितौजसः (amitaujasaḥ) - of immeasurable prowess (of immeasurable energy/prowess)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of amitaujas

amitaujas - of unmeasured energy, of endless might

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+ojas)

• amita – unmeasured, boundless
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from a (not) + mi (to measure)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mi (class 5)
• ojas – vigor, energy, might, strength
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'Pāṇḍavān'.

आहितम् (āhitam) - has been conferred (placed, set, conferred, entrusted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āhita

āhita - placed, deposited, conferred

Past Passive Participle

from ā + dhā (to place, lay)

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'aiśvaryam'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

derived from Bharata

ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - great sovereignty (aiśvarya) (sovereignty, power, dominion, prosperity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aiśvarya

aiśvarya - sovereignty, dominion, power, wealth

from īśvara (lord, ruler) + ya (suffix)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'has been conferred'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - on Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, lit. 'hard to fight')

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the recipient or location where sovereignty is placed.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive

Note: Qualifies 'aiśvaryam'.