महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-38, verse-28

निरर्थं कलहं प्राज्ञो वर्जयेन्मूढसेवितम् ।
कीर्तिं च लभते लोके न चानर्थेन युज्यते ॥२८॥

28. nirarthaṁ kalahaṁ prājño varjayenmūḍhasevitam ,
kīrtiṁ ca labhate loke na cānarthena yujyate.

28. nirartham kalaham prājñaḥ varjayet mūḍhasevitam
kīrtim ca labhate loke na ca anarthena yujyate

28. A wise person should avoid senseless quarrels, which are pursued by fools. (By doing so) he attains fame in the world and is not afflicted by misfortune.

Words meanings summery:

• निरर्थम् (nirartham) - useless, meaningless, senseless, vain

• कलहम् (kalaham) - a quarrel, dispute, contention

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person, an intelligent individual

• वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid, should shun, should abandon

• मूढसेवितम् (mūḍhasevitam) - pursued by fools, served by fools, frequented by fools

• कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, glory, renown, reputation

• च (ca) - and, also

• लभते (labhate) - obtains, gains, receives, gets

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people, in society

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अनर्थेन (anarthena) - by misfortune, by trouble, by evil

• युज्यते (yujyate) - is afflicted by (is joined, is connected, is afflicted, is associated)

Words meanings and morphology

निरर्थम् (nirartham) - useless, meaningless, senseless, vain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirartha

nirartha - meaningless, useless, senseless, purposeless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or tatpurusha (nis+artha)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
  prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: qualifies kalaham

कलहम् (kalaham) - a quarrel, dispute, contention

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalaha

kalaha - a quarrel, dispute, contention, strife

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person, an intelligent individual

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, knowing, intelligent, a wise person

from pra-jñā (to know thoroughly)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Used substantively as a noun

वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid, should shun, should abandon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vṛj

root of class 10 (curādi), parasmaipada; causative form varjayati

Root: vṛj (class 10)

मूढसेवितम् (mūḍhasevitam) - pursued by fools, served by fools, frequented by fools

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mūḍhasevita

mūḍhasevita - served by fools, resorted to by fools

Compound type : tatpurusha (mūḍha+sevita)

• mūḍha – foolish, bewildered, ignorant; a fool
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root muh (to be bewildered)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• sevita – served, attended, pursued, frequented
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root sev (to serve, to resort to)
  Root: sev (class 1)

Note: qualifies kalaham

कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, glory, renown, reputation

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, glory, renown, reputation, praise

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

लभते (labhate) - obtains, gains, receives, gets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of labh

root of class 1 (bhvādi), ātmanepada

Root: labh (class 1)

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people, in society

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - the world, people, society, realm

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अनर्थेन (anarthena) - by misfortune, by trouble, by evil

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, evil, calamity, trouble, purposelessness

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+artha)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, good, prosperity, wealth
  noun (masculine)

युज्यते (yujyate) - is afflicted by (is joined, is connected, is afflicted, is associated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of yuj

root of class 7 (rudhādi) or 4 (divādi); passive voice from class 7, or middle voice from class 4

Root: yuj (class 7)