महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-180, verse-38

गुरुर्द्विजातिर्धर्मात्मा यदेवं पीडितः शरैः ।
ततो न प्राहरं भूयो जामदग्न्याय भारत ॥३८॥

38. gururdvijātirdharmātmā yadevaṁ pīḍitaḥ śaraiḥ ,
tato na prāharaṁ bhūyo jāmadagnyāya bhārata.

38. guruḥ dvijātiḥ dharmātmā yat evam pīḍitaḥ śaraiḥ
tataḥ na prāharam bhūyaḥ jāmadagnyāya bhārata

38. bhārata yat guruḥ dvijātiḥ dharmātmā evam śaraiḥ
pīḍitaḥ tataḥ na prāharam bhūyaḥ jāmadagnyāya

38. O Bhārata, since my preceptor (guru), the twice-born (dvijāti) and righteous soul (dharmātman), was thus afflicted by arrows, I did not strike Jamadagni's son again.

Words meanings summery:

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - my preceptor (Parashurama) (preceptor, teacher, heavy, venerable)

• द्विजातिः (dvijātiḥ) - a Brahmin (referring to Parashurama) (twice-born, a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - Parashurama, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness (righteous-souled, whose soul is dharma, virtuous)

• यत् (yat) - because, since (because, since, which, that (relative pronoun))

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• पीडितः (pīḍitaḥ) - afflicted (afflicted, distressed, wounded)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (therefore, then, from there)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• प्राहरम् (prāharam) - I struck (I struck, I attacked)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again (again, further, more)

• जामदग्न्याय (jāmadagnyāya) - to Jamadagni's son (Parashurama)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhritarashtra or another king in the Bhārata lineage) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

गुरुः (guruḥ) - my preceptor (Parashurama) (preceptor, teacher, heavy, venerable)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - preceptor, teacher, heavy, venerable

द्विजातिः (dvijātiḥ) - a Brahmin (referring to Parashurama) (twice-born, a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born, a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, class
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - Parashurama, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness (righteous-souled, whose soul is dharma, virtuous)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous-souled, whose soul is dharma (dharma), virtuous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

यत् (yat) - because, since (because, since, which, that (relative pronoun))

(indeclinable)

Note: Indeclinable conjunction.

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

पीडितः (pīḍitaḥ) - afflicted (afflicted, distressed, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīḍita

pīḍita - afflicted, distressed, wounded

Past Passive Participle

From root pīḍ (to oppress, afflict), kta suffix.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Refers to guruḥ.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 9)

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (therefore, then, from there)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

प्राहरम् (prāharam) - I struck (I struck, I attacked)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-hṛ

Imperfect (Laṅ), 1st person singular, active voice.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again (again, further, more)

(indeclinable)

जामदग्न्याय (jāmadagnyāya) - to Jamadagni's son (Parashurama)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of jāmadagnya

jāmadagnya - son of Jamadagni (Parashurama)

Taddhita derivation from Jamadagni.

Note: Refers to Parashurama.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhritarashtra or another king in the Bhārata lineage) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata

Derived from Bharata.