महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-180, verse-13

अभ्यगच्छं तदा राममर्चिष्यन्द्विजसत्तमम् ।
अभिवाद्य चैनं विधिवदब्रुवं वाक्यमुत्तमम् ॥१३॥

13. abhyagacchaṁ tadā rāmamarciṣyandvijasattamam ,
abhivādya cainaṁ vidhivadabruvaṁ vākyamuttamam.

13. abhyagaccham tadā rāmam arciṣyan dvijasattamam
abhivādya ca enam vidhivat abruvam vākyam uttamam

13. tadā aham dvijasattamam rāmam arciṣyan abhyagaccham
ca enam vidhivat abhivādya uttamam vākyam abruvam

13. Then, intending to worship that best of the twice-born (dvijasattama) Rama, I approached him, and having greeted him properly, I spoke excellent words.

Words meanings summery:

• अभ्यगच्छम् (abhyagaccham) - I approached, I went towards

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• अर्चिष्यन् (arciṣyan) - intending to worship, about to worship

• द्विजसत्तमम् (dvijasattamam) - the best of the twice-born (referring to Rama) (best of the twice-born)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having greeted respectfully

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एनम् (enam) - him (referring to Rama) (him, this (masc.))

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly (according to rule, properly, ritually)

• अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I spoke, I said

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (word, speech, sentence)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (excellent, best, supreme)

Words meanings and morphology

अभ्यगच्छम् (abhyagaccham) - I approached, I went towards

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyagacch

Imperfect

Root gam (to go) with upasargas abhi and ā. The 'a' prefix marks the imperfect tense.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, son of Dasharatha)

अर्चिष्यन् (arciṣyan) - intending to worship, about to worship

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arciṣyat

arciṣyat - intending to worship, about to shine

Future Active Participle

Derived from the root arc (to worship, praise) with the future suffix -iṣya and participle suffix -t.

Root: arc (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implicit 'I' (aham).

द्विजसत्तमम् (dvijasattamam) - the best of the twice-born (referring to Rama) (best of the twice-born)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best of the twice-born (Brahmins)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth)
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama.

Note: Refers to Rama.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having greeted respectfully

(absolutive)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (referring to Rama) (him, this (masc.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, she, it (anaphoric pronoun)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly (according to rule, properly, ritually)

(indeclinable)

From vidhi (rule) + -vat (like, according to).

अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I spoke, I said

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abruv

Imperfect

Root brū (to speak). The 'a' prefix marks the imperfect tense.

Root: brū (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (excellent, best, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, principal

Superlative from ut (up, out) or ud (up).