महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-70, verse-5

नलस्तं प्रत्युवाचाथ दूरे भ्रष्टः पटस्तव ।
योजनं समतिक्रान्तो न स शक्यस्त्वया पुनः ॥५॥

5. nalastaṁ pratyuvācātha dūre bhraṣṭaḥ paṭastava ,
yojanaṁ samatikrānto na sa śakyastvayā punaḥ.

5. nalaḥ tam pratyuvāca atha dūre bhraṣṭaḥ paṭaḥ tava
yojanam samatikrāntaḥ na saḥ śakyaḥ tvayā punaḥ

5. Nala then replied to him, 'Your cloth has fallen far away; it has gone beyond a yojana and cannot be retrieved by you again.'

Words meanings summery:

• नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala (Nala (proper name))

• तम् (tam) - him (the king) (him, that)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied (replied, spoke in return)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• दूरे (dūre) - far away (far, at a distance, far away)

• भ्रष्टः (bhraṣṭaḥ) - fallen (fallen, slipped, deviated)

• पटः (paṭaḥ) - the cloth (cloth, garment)

• तव (tava) - your (cloth) (your, of you)

• योजनम् (yojanam) - a yojana (a yojana (unit of distance, typically 8-10 miles))

• समतिक्रान्तः (samatikrāntaḥ) - gone beyond (a yojana) (passed over, gone beyond, traversed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• सः (saḥ) - that (cloth) (that, he)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (to retrieve) (possible, able to be done, capable)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (the king) (by you)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, moreover, but)

Words meanings and morphology

नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala (Nala (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (proper name), reed, stem

तम् (tam) - him (the king) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular form of tad

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied (replied, spoke in return)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prativac

Derived from root vac- (to speak) with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दूरे (dūre) - far away (far, at a distance, far away)

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative singular of dūra, functioning adverbially

भ्रष्टः (bhraṣṭaḥ) - fallen (fallen, slipped, deviated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhraṣṭa

bhraṣṭa - fallen, slipped, deviated, lost

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhraś- (to fall) with kta suffix

Root: bhraś (class 1)

पटः (paṭaḥ) - the cloth (cloth, garment)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paṭa

paṭa - cloth, garment, canvas

तव (tava) - your (cloth) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

Note: Genitive singular of yuṣmad

योजनम् (yojanam) - a yojana (a yojana (unit of distance, typically 8-10 miles))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yojana

yojana - a yojana (a measure of distance, approx. 8-10 miles), joining, fitting

Note: Often used adverbially to indicate distance.

समतिक्रान्तः (samatikrāntaḥ) - gone beyond (a yojana) (passed over, gone beyond, traversed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samatikrānta

samatikrānta - gone beyond, passed over, surpassed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kram- (to step) with prefixes sam-ati- and kta suffix

Prefixes: sam+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that (cloth) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular form of tad, here referring to paṭa (cloth)

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (to retrieve) (possible, able to be done, capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from root śak- (to be able) with ṇyat suffix

Root: śak (class 5)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (the king) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

Note: Instrumental singular of yuṣmad

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, moreover, but)

(indeclinable)