महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-70, verse-38

विदर्भाभिमुखो राजा प्रययौ स महामनाः ।
नले तु समतिक्रान्ते कलिरप्यगमद्गृहान् ॥३८॥

38. vidarbhābhimukho rājā prayayau sa mahāmanāḥ ,
nale tu samatikrānte kalirapyagamadgṛhān.

38. vidarbhābhimukhaḥ rājā prayayau saḥ mahāmanāḥ
nale tu samatikrānte kaliḥ api agamat gṛhān

38. The great-minded King, facing Vidarbha, departed. And when Nala had indeed passed beyond (Kali's influence), Kali also went to his (own) dwellings.

Words meanings summery:

• विदर्भाभिमुखः (vidarbhābhimukhaḥ) - facing Vidarbha (facing Vidarbha, directed towards Vidarbha)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Nala) (king)

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - he departed (he went forth, he departed)

• सः (saḥ) - he (King Nala) (he, that)

• महामनाः (mahāmanāḥ) - the great-minded (king) (great-minded, magnanimous)

• नले (nale) - when Nala (in Nala, regarding Nala, when Nala)

• तु (tu) - and, indeed (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• समतिक्रान्ते (samatikrānte) - when he (Nala) had passed beyond (the influence of Kali) (having passed beyond, having gone past, having elapsed)

• कलिः (kaliḥ) - Kali (the demon)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• अगमत् (agamat) - he went (he went, he came)

• गृहान् (gṛhān) - to his dwellings (to houses, to dwellings)

Words meanings and morphology

विदर्भाभिमुखः (vidarbhābhimukhaḥ) - facing Vidarbha (facing Vidarbha, directed towards Vidarbha)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidarbhābhimukha

vidarbhābhimukha - facing Vidarbha, turned towards Vidarbha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidarbha+abhimukha)

• vidarbha – Vidarbha (a kingdom)
  proper noun (neuter)
• abhimukha – facing, turned towards
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'mukha' (face) with prefix 'abhi'
  Prefix: abhi

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - the king (Nala) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Subject of 'prayayau'.

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he departed (he went forth, he departed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prayā

From root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (King Nala) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'rājā'.

महामनाः (mahāmanāḥ) - the great-minded (king) (great-minded, magnanimous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmanas

mahāmanas - great-minded, magnanimous, noble-spirited

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+manas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• manas – mind, intellect, spirit, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

नले (nale) - when Nala (in Nala, regarding Nala, when Nala)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a king, a hero of the Mahābhārata)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

तु (tu) - and, indeed (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a slight contrast or continuation.

समतिक्रान्ते (samatikrānte) - when he (Nala) had passed beyond (the influence of Kali) (having passed beyond, having gone past, having elapsed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of samatikrānta

samatikrānta - passed beyond, gone past, elapsed, transcended

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kram' (to step, go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ati'

Prefixes: sam+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'nale'.

कलिः (kaliḥ) - Kali (the demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kali

kali - Kali (the demon of the age), the Kali Yuga (age of strife)

Note: Subject of 'agamat'.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'kaliḥ' also doing this action.

अगमत् (agamat) - he went (he went, he came)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The 'a' prefix denotes the imperfect tense.

गृहान् (gṛhān) - to his dwellings (to houses, to dwellings)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

Note: Object of motion for 'agamat'.