महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-70, verse-28

कलेस्तस्य तदार्तस्य शापाग्निः स विनिःसृतः ।
स तेन कर्शितो राजा दीर्घकालमनात्मवान् ॥२८॥

28. kalestasya tadārtasya śāpāgniḥ sa viniḥsṛtaḥ ,
sa tena karśito rājā dīrghakālamanātmavān.

28. kaleḥ tasya tat ārtasya śāpāgniḥ sa viniḥsṛtaḥ
sa tena karśitaḥ rājā dīrghakālam anātmavān

28. Then, from that distressed Kali, a curse like fire emanated. By this, the king, lacking self-control (anātma-vān), was tormented for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• कलेः (kaleḥ) - of Kali, from Kali

• तस्य (tasya) - of that Kali (of him, his, of that)

• तत् (tat) - then, at that time

• आर्तस्य (ārtasya) - of the distressed, of the tormented

• शापाग्निः (śāpāgniḥ) - fire of curse, a curse like fire

• स (sa) - that curse (that, he)

• विनिःसृतः (viniḥsṛtaḥ) - issued forth, emanated, came out

• स (sa) - he, King Nala (he, that)

• तेन (tena) - by that curse-fire (by that, by him)

• कर्शितः (karśitaḥ) - weakened, emaciated, tormented, distressed

• राजा (rājā) - King Nala (king)

• दीर्घकालम् (dīrghakālam) - for a long time, for a long duration

• अनात्मवान् (anātmavān) - lacking self-control, without inner strength, not master of himself

Words meanings and morphology

कलेः (kaleḥ) - of Kali, from Kali

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kali

kali - Kali (the presiding deity of the Kali Yuga, or the personification of evil and strife)

तस्य (tasya) - of that Kali (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kali.

तत् (tat) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

आर्तस्य (ārtasya) - of the distressed, of the tormented

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering, tormented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ṛ (to go, move), often with prefix ā, referring to being overcome by misfortune.

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Kali ('tasyārtasya' meaning 'of that distressed Kali').

शापाग्निः (śāpāgniḥ) - fire of curse, a curse like fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāpāgni

śāpāgni - curse-fire, a curse like fire

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śāpa+agni)

• śāpa – curse, imprecation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śap (class 1)
• agni – fire, flame, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'viniḥsṛtaḥ'.

स (sa) - that curse (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'śāpāgniḥ'.

विनिःसृतः (viniḥsṛtaḥ) - issued forth, emanated, came out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viniḥsṛta

viniḥsṛta - issued forth, emanated, come out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sṛ (to flow, move) with prefixes vi- and nis-.

Prefixes: vi+nis

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate for 'śāpāgniḥ'.

स (sa) - he, King Nala (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'rājā' (Nala).

तेन (tena) - by that curse-fire (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'śāpāgniḥ'.

कर्शितः (karśitaḥ) - weakened, emaciated, tormented, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karśita

karśita - weakened, emaciated, distressed, tormented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛś (to be lean, weak).

Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - King Nala (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Refers to Nala.

दीर्घकालम् (dīrghakālam) - for a long time, for a long duration

(indeclinable)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dīrgha+kāla)

• dīrgha – long, extensive
  adjective
• kāla – time, period
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage (accusative of duration).

अनात्मवान् (anātmavān) - lacking self-control, without inner strength, not master of himself

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anātmavat

anātmavat - lacking self-control, without ātman, without inner strength

Derived from anātman + -mat (possessive suffix).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+ātman+vat)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature, body
  noun (masculine)
• vat – possessing, having
  suffix
  Possessive suffix.

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.