महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-70, verse-22

अत्यद्भुतमिदं राजन्दृष्टवानस्मि ते बलम् ।
श्रोतुमिच्छामि तां विद्यां यथैतज्ज्ञायते नृप ॥२२॥

22. atyadbhutamidaṁ rājandṛṣṭavānasmi te balam ,
śrotumicchāmi tāṁ vidyāṁ yathaitajjñāyate nṛpa.

22. ati adbhutam idam rājan dṛṣṭavān asmi te balam
śrotum icchāmi tām vidyām yathā etat jñāyate nṛpa

22. O King, I have seen this exceedingly amazing power of yours! I desire to learn that knowledge (vidyā) by which such a thing is known, O King.

Words meanings summery:

• अति (ati) - very, exceedingly, beyond

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - The amazing nature of the king's skill. (wonderful, amazing, extraordinary)

• इदम् (idam) - This (referring to the king's skill/power just witnessed). (this)

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing King Ṛtuparṇa. (O King!)

• दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - Bāhuka (Nala) has seen. (having seen, who has seen)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I (Bāhuka) am. (I am)

• ते (te) - Of King Ṛtuparṇa. (your, of you)

• बलम् (balam) - The king's skill in counting precisely. (power, strength, force, skill)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - Bāhuka wants to learn the knowledge. (to hear, to learn)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - Bāhuka desires to learn. (I wish, I desire)

• ताम् (tām) - That specific knowledge (vidyā) of counting. (that, her)

• विद्याम् (vidyām) - The specific knowledge (vidyā) of precise counting (Akṣavidyā). (knowledge, science, learning (vidyā))

• यथा (yathā) - by which, how, in which way

• एतत् (etat) - This precise counting. (this)

• ज्ञायते (jñāyate) - The counting skill is known / understood. (is known, is understood)

• नृप (nṛpa) - Addressing King Ṛtuparṇa. (O King!)

Words meanings and morphology

अति (ati) - very, exceedingly, beyond

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverbial intensifier for the following adjective.

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - The amazing nature of the king's skill. (wonderful, amazing, extraordinary)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, amazing, miraculous, extraordinary

इदम् (idam) - This (referring to the king's skill/power just witnessed). (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Adjective modifying 'balam'.

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing King Ṛtuparṇa. (O King!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - Bāhuka (Nala) has seen. (having seen, who has seen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭavat

dṛṣṭavat - having seen

Past Active Participle

Derived from √dṛś (to see), masculine singular nominative

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अस्मि (asmi) - I (Bāhuka) am. (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √as

Present Active

1st person singular

Root: as (class 2)

ते (te) - Of King Ṛtuparṇa. (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive/Dative singular of 'yuṣmad'

Note: Also can be dative singular.

बलम् (balam) - The king's skill in counting precisely. (power, strength, force, skill)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, might, skill

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - Bāhuka wants to learn the knowledge. (to hear, to learn)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed with suffix '-tum'

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Functions as a verbal noun.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - Bāhuka desires to learn. (I wish, I desire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √iṣ

Present Active

1st person singular

Root: iṣ (class 6)

ताम् (tām) - That specific knowledge (vidyā) of counting. (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'vidyām'.

विद्याम् (vidyām) - The specific knowledge (vidyā) of precise counting (Akṣavidyā). (knowledge, science, learning (vidyā))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, science, learning, discipline

Root: vid (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - by which, how, in which way

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - This precise counting. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'jñāyate'.

ज्ञायते (jñāyate) - The counting skill is known / understood. (is known, is understood)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √jñā

Present Passive

3rd person singular, passive voice

Root: jñā (class 9)

नृप (nṛpa) - Addressing King Ṛtuparṇa. (O King!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound: nṛ (man) + pa (protector/ruler)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, male
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler, drinker
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √pā (to protect/drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: A synonym for 'rājan'.