महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-70, verse-36

मुदा परमया युक्तस्तेजसा च परेण ह ।
रथमारुह्य तेजस्वी प्रययौ जवनैर्हयैः ।
बिभीतकश्चाप्रशस्तः संवृत्तः कलिसंश्रयात् ॥३६॥

36. mudā paramayā yuktastejasā ca pareṇa ha ,
rathamāruhya tejasvī prayayau javanairhayaiḥ ,
bibhītakaścāpraśastaḥ saṁvṛttaḥ kalisaṁśrayāt.

36. mudā paramayā yuktaḥ tejasā ca pareṇa
ha ratham āruhya tejasvī prayayau
javanaiḥ hayaiḥ bibhītakaḥ ca
apraśastaḥ saṃvṛttaḥ kalisaṃśrayāt

36. Endowed with supreme joy and indeed with great splendor, the radiant (King Nala), having ascended his chariot, departed with swift horses. And the Bibhītaka tree, due to its association with Kali, became inauspicious.

Words meanings summery:

• मुदा (mudā) - with supreme joy (with joy, with delight)

• परमया (paramayā) - supreme (supreme, highest, excellent)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with (endowed with, joined, engaged)

• तेजसा (tejasā) - with (great) splendor (with splendor, with energy, with light)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• परेण (pareṇa) - with great/supreme (splendor) (with supreme, with other, with excellent)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, surely)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• आरुह्य (āruhya) - having ascended (having ascended, having mounted)

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - the radiant (king Nala) (radiant, glorious, spirited)

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - he departed (he went forth, he departed)

• जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - by swift (horses) (by swift ones, with swift (horses))

• हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses

• बिभीतकः (bibhītakaḥ) - the Bibhītaka tree (associated with Kali) (Bibhītaka tree (Terminalia bellirica))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अप्रशस्तः (apraśastaḥ) - inauspicious (inauspicious, unworthy of praise, disliked)

• संवृत्तः (saṁvṛttaḥ) - became (became, happened, turned out)

• कलिसंश्रयात् (kalisaṁśrayāt) - due to its association with Kali (from the association with Kali, due to Kali's refuge)

Words meanings and morphology

मुदा (mudā) - with supreme joy (with joy, with delight)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, pleasure

परमया (paramayā) - supreme (supreme, highest, excellent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate

Note: Qualifies 'mudā'.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with (endowed with, joined, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, endowed, engaged, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yuj' (to join, to yoke)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies an implied subject (Nala).

तेजसा (tejasā) - with (great) splendor (with splendor, with energy, with light)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, radiance, energy, fire

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'mudā' and 'tejasā'.

परेण (pareṇa) - with great/supreme (splendor) (with supreme, with other, with excellent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, other, excellent, beyond

Note: Qualifies 'tejasā'.

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Object of 'āruhya'.

आरुह्य (āruhya) - having ascended (having ascended, having mounted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'ruh' (to grow, ascend) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Action preceding 'prayayau'.

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - the radiant (king Nala) (radiant, glorious, spirited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - radiant, glorious, spirited, powerful

Possessive suffix '-vin' from 'tejas'

Note: Qualifies Nala.

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he departed (he went forth, he departed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prayā

From root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Periphrastic perfect.

जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - by swift (horses) (by swift ones, with swift (horses))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of javana

javana - swift, quick, speedy

From root 'jū' (to hasten, be quick)

Root: jū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'hayaiḥ'.

हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

From root 'hi' (to go, move)

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Means of travel.

बिभीतकः (bibhītakaḥ) - the Bibhītaka tree (associated with Kali) (Bibhītaka tree (Terminalia bellirica))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bibhītaka

bibhītaka - Bibhītaka tree (Terminalia bellirica)

Note: The tree under which Kali entered Nala.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this separate statement to the previous ones.

अप्रशस्तः (apraśastaḥ) - inauspicious (inauspicious, unworthy of praise, disliked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apraśasta

apraśasta - inauspicious, unworthy of praise, disliked

Negative compound of 'praśasta' (PPP of pra-śaṃs)

Compound 'a' (negation) + 'praśasta'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+praśasta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• praśasta – praised, auspicious, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śaṃs' (to praise) with prefix 'pra'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bibhītakaḥ'.

संवृत्तः (saṁvṛttaḥ) - became (became, happened, turned out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛtta

saṁvṛtta - become, happened, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛt' (to be, exist) with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Forms a compound verb with an implied auxiliary 'to be'.

कलिसंश्रयात् (kalisaṁśrayāt) - due to its association with Kali (from the association with Kali, due to Kali's refuge)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kalisaṃśraya

kalisaṁśraya - association with Kali, refuge of Kali

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kali+saṃśraya)

• kali – Kali (the demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• saṃśraya – refuge, shelter, resort, association
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'śri' (to resort to) with prefix 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Expresses cause.