महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-48, verse-37

ते धर्मराजेन वृता वर्षादूर्ध्वं त्रयोदशात् ।
पुरस्कृत्योपयास्यन्ति वासुदेवं महारथाः ॥३७॥

37. te dharmarājena vṛtā varṣādūrdhvaṁ trayodaśāt ,
puraskṛtyopayāsyanti vāsudevaṁ mahārathāḥ.

37. te dharmarājena vṛtāḥ varṣāt ūrdhvam trayodaśāt
puraskṛtya upayāsyanti vāsudevam mahārathāḥ

37. Chosen by the King of (dharma) justice, after thirteen years, those great warriors will approach Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), placing him at their front.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (warriors) (they)

• धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of (dharma) justice (by the king of justice (dharma))

• वृताः (vṛtāḥ) - chosen, selected

• वर्षात् (varṣāt) - after a year (from a year)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, above, after

• त्रयोदशात् (trayodaśāt) - from thirteen

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having honored, having led

• उपयास्यन्ति (upayāsyanti) - they will approach, they will go near

• वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors, great chariot-fighters

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (warriors) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the heroes from the previous verse.

धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of (dharma) justice (by the king of justice (dharma))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmarājan

dharmarājan - king of justice (dharma), a title for Yudhiṣṭhira

Tatpuruṣa compound 'king (rājan) of dharma (dharma)'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'vṛtāḥ'.

वृताः (vṛtāḥ) - chosen, selected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛta

vṛta - chosen, selected, appointed, surrounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛ (to choose, to select) + suffix -ta.

Root: vṛ (class 1)

वर्षात् (varṣāt) - after a year (from a year)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, monsoon

Note: Used with 'ūrdhvam' in the sense of 'after'.

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, above, after

(indeclinable)

त्रयोदशात् (trayodaśāt) - from thirteen

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of trayodaśa

trayodaśa - thirteen

Note: Contextually 'after thirteen (years)'.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having honored, having led

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from prefix puras- (in front) + root √kṛ (to do, to make) + suffix -ya.

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies the action of 'upayāsyanti'.

उपयास्यन्ति (upayāsyanti) - they will approach, they will go near

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of upayā

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, Kṛṣṇa

A patronymic.

Note: Object of 'upayāsyanti' and 'puraskṛtya'.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors, great chariot-fighters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand warriors, great chariot-fighter

Karmadhāraya compound: 'great (mahā) charioteer/warrior (ratha)'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram

Note: Predicate adjective/noun for 'te'.