महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-48, verse-19

सागरानूपगांश्चैव ये च पत्तनवासिनः ।
सिंहलान्बर्बरान्म्लेच्छान्ये च जाङ्गलवासिनः ॥१९॥

19. sāgarānūpagāṁścaiva ye ca pattanavāsinaḥ ,
siṁhalānbarbarānmlecchānye ca jāṅgalavāsinaḥ.

19. sāgarānūpagān ca eva ye ca pattanavāsinaḥ
siṃhalān barbarān mlecchān ye ca jāṅgalavāsinaḥ

19. And those who inhabit coastal wetlands and cities, as well as the Sinhala people, the Barbarians, the Mlecchas, and those who dwell in arid regions.

Words meanings summery:

• सागरानूपगान् (sāgarānūpagān) - those who live near oceans or marshes

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• च (ca) - and, also

• पत्तनवासिनः (pattanavāsinaḥ) - city dwellers, those living in towns

• सिंहलान् (siṁhalān) - the Sinhala people

• बर्बरान् (barbarān) - the Barbarians

• म्लेच्छान् (mlecchān) - the Mlecchas, foreigners

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• च (ca) - and, also

• जाङ्गलवासिनः (jāṅgalavāsinaḥ) - desert dwellers, those living in arid lands

Words meanings and morphology

सागरानूपगान् (sāgarānūpagān) - those who live near oceans or marshes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāgarānūpaga

sāgarānūpaga - one who lives near oceans and wetlands

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāgara+anūpa+ga)

• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• anūpa – watery land, marsh, wetland
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, living in, dwelling
  noun (masculine)
  Kṛt suffix -a
  From root gam + -a
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, whichever

Relative pronoun

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पत्तनवासिनः (pattanavāsinaḥ) - city dwellers, those living in towns

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pattanavāsin

pattanavāsin - inhabitant of a city/town

From pattana + vāsin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pattana+vāsin)

• pattana – city, town, port
  noun (neuter)
• vāsin – dwelling, living, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root vas
  Root vas + ṇin (nominal suffix)
  Root: vas (class 1)

सिंहलान् (siṁhalān) - the Sinhala people

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of siṃhala

siṁhala - Sinhala (inhabitant of Siṃhala-dvīpa, modern Sri Lanka)

बर्बरान् (barbarān) - the Barbarians

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of barbara

barbara - barbarian, uncivilized, non-Aryan

Onomatopoeic, refers to unintelligible speech

म्लेच्छान् (mlecchān) - the Mlecchas, foreigners

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mleccha

mleccha - foreigner, barbarian, a person speaking an unintelligible language, impure

From root mlecch (to speak indistinctly)

Root: mlecch (class 1)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, whichever

Relative pronoun

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

जाङ्गलवासिनः (jāṅgalavāsinaḥ) - desert dwellers, those living in arid lands

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāṅgalavāsin

jāṅgalavāsin - inhabitant of a dry/desert region

From jāṅgala + vāsin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jāṅgala+vāsin)

• jāṅgala – arid, dry, desert, wilderness
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  From jaṅgala (forest/wilderness)
• vāsin – dwelling, living, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root vas
  Root vas + ṇin (nominal suffix)
  Root: vas (class 1)