महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-296, verse-43

उपेतं नलिनीजालैः सिन्धुवारैश्च वेतसैः ।
केतकैः करवीरैश्च पिप्पलैश्चैव संवृतम् ।
श्रमार्तस्तदुपागम्य सरो दृष्ट्वाथ विस्मितः ॥४३॥

43. upetaṁ nalinījālaiḥ sindhuvāraiśca vetasaiḥ ,
ketakaiḥ karavīraiśca pippalaiścaiva saṁvṛtam ,
śramārtastadupāgamya saro dṛṣṭvātha vismitaḥ.

43. upetam nalinījālaiḥ sindhuvāraiḥ ca
vetasaiḥ ketakaiḥ karavīraiḥ ca
pippalaiḥ ca eva saṃvṛtam śramārtaḥ
tat upāgamya saraḥ dṛṣṭvā atha vismitaḥ

43. The lake was covered with lotus thickets, Vitex negundo trees, reeds, screw-pine plants, oleander plants, and certainly peepal trees. Exhausted by fatigue, he approached that lake, and upon seeing it, he was amazed.

Words meanings summery:

• उपेतम् (upetam) - covered, endowed with, approached

• नलिनीजालैः (nalinījālaiḥ) - by thickets of lotus plants, by masses of lotuses

• सिन्धुवारैः (sindhuvāraiḥ) - by Vitex negundo trees (chaste tree)

• च (ca) - and

• वेतसैः (vetasaiḥ) - by reeds, by rattans

• केतकैः (ketakaiḥ) - by screw-pine plants

• करवीरैः (karavīraiḥ) - by oleander plants

• च (ca) - and

• पिप्पलैः (pippalaiḥ) - by peepal trees

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

• संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - covered, surrounded

• श्रमार्तः (śramārtaḥ) - afflicted by fatigue, tired

• तत् (tat) - that (lake) (that)

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached

• सरः (saraḥ) - lake

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, amazed

Words meanings and morphology

उपेतम् (upetam) - covered, endowed with, approached

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upeta

upeta - approached, endowed with, covered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √iṣ (to go, move) with the prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: √iṣ (class 4)

नलिनीजालैः (nalinījālaiḥ) - by thickets of lotus plants, by masses of lotuses

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of nalinījāla

nalinījāla - lotus thicket, mass of lotuses

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nalinī+jāla)

• nalinī – lotus plant, lotus
  noun (feminine)
• jāla – net, thicket, mass, multitude
  noun (neuter)

सिन्धुवारैः (sindhuvāraiḥ) - by Vitex negundo trees (chaste tree)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sindhuvāra

sindhuvāra - Vitex negundo, a species of chaste tree

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वेतसैः (vetasaiḥ) - by reeds, by rattans

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vetasa

vetasa - reed, rattan, a kind of cane

केतकैः (ketakaiḥ) - by screw-pine plants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ketaka

ketaka - screw-pine (Pandanus odorifer)

करवीरैः (karavīraiḥ) - by oleander plants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of karavīra

karavīra - oleander (Nerium indicum)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पिप्पलैः (pippalaiḥ) - by peepal trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pippala

pippala - peepal tree (Ficus religiosa)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - covered, surrounded

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, surrounded, enclosed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √vṛ (to cover, enclose) with the prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: √vṛ (class 5)

श्रमार्तः (śramārtaḥ) - afflicted by fatigue, tired

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śramārta

śramārta - afflicted by fatigue, distressed by toil

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrama+ārta)

• śrama – fatigue, toil, exertion
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √ṛ (to go, move), here with sense of suffering.
  Root: √ṛ (class 3)

तत् (tat) - that (lake) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √gam (to go) with prefixes 'upa' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: √gam (class 1)

सरः (saraḥ) - lake

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √dṛś (to see).

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, amazed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismita

vismita - astonished, amazed, surprised

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √smi (to wonder, be amazed) with the prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: √smi (class 1)