महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-296, verse-37

यक्ष उवाच ।
मा तात साहसं कार्षीर्मम पूर्वपरिग्रहः ।
प्रश्नानुक्त्वा तु कौन्तेय ततः पिब हरस्व च ॥३७॥

37. yakṣa uvāca ,
mā tāta sāhasaṁ kārṣīrmama pūrvaparigrahaḥ ,
praśnānuktvā tu kaunteya tataḥ piba harasva ca.

37. yakṣaḥ uvāca | mā tāta sāhasam kārṣīḥ mama pūrvaparigrahaḥ
| praśnān uktvā tu kaunteya tataḥ piba harasva ca

37. The yakṣa said, 'My dear son, do not act rashly! This is already under my control. But, O son of Kuntī, after answering the questions, then drink and take (the water).'

Words meanings summery:

• यक्षः (yakṣaḥ) - The yakṣa guarding the pond (yakṣa (a demigod))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• मा (mā) - not, don't

• तात (tāta) - my dear son (used as an affectionate address by an elder) (dear, my dear son/father)

• साहसम् (sāhasam) - a rash or violent act (rashness, violence, audacity, crime)

• कार्षीः (kārṣīḥ) - (you) should commit/perform ((you) should do, (you) should make)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• पूर्वपरिग्रहः (pūrvaparigrahaḥ) - prior possession, previously taken control

• प्रश्नान् (praśnān) - the questions that the yakṣa will ask (questions)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - after answering (the questions) (having said, having spoken, after answering)

• तु (tu) - but (introducing a condition) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Bhīma (as son of Kuntī) (O son of Kuntī)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards

• पिब (piba) - drink! (imperative)

• हरस्व (harasva) - take (the water for others) (take! fetch!)

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

यक्षः (yakṣaḥ) - The yakṣa guarding the pond (yakṣa (a demigod))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yakṣa

yakṣa - a class of benevolent (sometimes malevolent) nature-spirits or demigods.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, active voice. Irregular perfect form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

मा (mā) - not, don't

(indeclinable)

Note: Prohibitive particle.

तात (tāta) - my dear son (used as an affectionate address by an elder) (dear, my dear son/father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear, darling; term of endearment, especially for a son, but also a father.

Note: Addressing Bhīma.

साहसम् (sāhasam) - a rash or violent act (rashness, violence, audacity, crime)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāhasa

sāhasa - rashness, violence, audacity, daring; any violent or criminal act.

Root: sah

Note: Object of 'kārṣīḥ'.

कार्षीः (kārṣīḥ) - (you) should commit/perform ((you) should do, (you) should make)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist Active

2nd person singular, active voice. Used with mā for prohibition.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Genitive singular form of 'aham'.

पूर्वपरिग्रहः (pūrvaparigrahaḥ) - prior possession, previously taken control

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrvaparigraha

pūrvaparigraha - prior possession, previously taken control, prior claim

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+parigraha)

• pūrva – former, prior, earlier, previous
  adjective (masculine)
• parigraha – taking, seizing, acquiring; possession, property, claim
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Predicate nominative.

प्रश्नान् (praśnān) - the questions that the yakṣa will ask (questions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of praśna

praśna - question, inquiry

Root: prach

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - after answering (the questions) (having said, having spoken, after answering)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā. Irregular form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Means 'after saying' or 'after answering'.

तु (tu) - but (introducing a condition) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Bhīma (as son of Kuntī) (O son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (a name for any of the Pāṇḍavas: Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna).

Derived from kuntī + suffix ḍheyā.

Note: Addressing Bhīma.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Adverbial.

Note: Indicates sequence.

पिब (piba) - drink! (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pā

Imperative Active

2nd person singular, active voice.

Root: pā (class 1)

हरस्व (harasva) - take (the water for others) (take! fetch!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of hṛ

Imperative Middle

2nd person singular, middle voice.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'piba' and 'harasva'.