महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-296, verse-38

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्ततो भीमो यक्षेणामिततेजसा ।
अविज्ञायैव तान्प्रश्नान्पीत्वैव निपपात ह ॥३८॥

38. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktastato bhīmo yakṣeṇāmitatejasā ,
avijñāyaiva tānpraśnānpītvaiva nipapāta ha.

38. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | evam uktaḥ tataḥ bhīmaḥ yakṣeṇa
amitatejasā | avijñāya eva tān praśnān pītvā eva nipapāta ha

38. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Thus addressed by the yakṣa of immeasurable energy, Bhīma, without even understanding those questions, drank the water and indeed fell down.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (by the yakṣa) (spoken, addressed, said)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma

• यक्षेण (yakṣeṇa) - by the yakṣa of the pond (by the yakṣa)

• अमिततेजसा (amitatejasā) - of immeasurable energy/splendor

• अविज्ञाय (avijñāya) - without understanding (the questions) (without knowing, without understanding)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing 'without understanding' (indeed, just, only)

• तान् (tān) - those questions (them, those)

• प्रश्नान् (praśnān) - the yakṣa's questions (questions)

• पीत्वा (pītvā) - having drunk, after drinking

• एव (eva) - emphasizing 'after drinking' (indeed, just, only)

• निपपात (nipapāta) - he fell down

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - a celebrated sage, disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, active voice. Irregular perfect form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverbial.

Note: Modifies 'uktaḥ'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (by the yakṣa) (spoken, addressed, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak) with suffix -ta. Irregular past passive participle.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Bhīma.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Adverbial.

Note: Indicates sequence.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (proper name); terrible, formidable

यक्षेण (yakṣeṇa) - by the yakṣa of the pond (by the yakṣa)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yakṣa

yakṣa - a class of benevolent (sometimes malevolent) nature-spirits or demigods.

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'uktaḥ'.

अमिततेजसा (amitatejasā) - of immeasurable energy/splendor

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amitatejas

amitatejas - of immeasurable energy/splendor, of unbounded might

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+tejas)

• amita – unmeasured, unbounded, immense, immeasurable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (negative)
  From root mā (to measure) with prefix a- (negation) and suffix -ta.
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 2)
• tejas – sharpness, splendor, energy, power, spiritual force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'yakṣeṇa'.

अविज्ञाय (avijñāya) - without understanding (the questions) (without knowing, without understanding)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with upasarga vi- and negative prefix a- and suffix -ya. 'avijñāya' is the negative absolutive of 'vijñā'.

Prefixes: a+vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates the manner of Bhīma's action.

एव (eva) - emphasizing 'without understanding' (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तान् (tān) - those questions (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'praśnān'.

प्रश्नान् (praśnān) - the yakṣa's questions (questions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of praśna

praśna - question, inquiry

Root: prach

Note: Object of 'avijñāya'.

पीत्वा (pītvā) - having drunk, after drinking

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

एव (eva) - emphasizing 'after drinking' (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

निपपात (nipapāta) - he fell down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Active

Root pat with upasarga ni-. 3rd person singular, active voice. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.