महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-296, verse-12

मा तात साहसं कार्षीर्मम पूर्वपरिग्रहः ।
प्रश्नानुक्त्वा तु माद्रेय ततः पिब हरस्व च ॥१२॥

12. mā tāta sāhasaṁ kārṣīrmama pūrvaparigrahaḥ ,
praśnānuktvā tu mādreya tataḥ piba harasva ca.

12. mā tāta sāhasam kārṣīḥ mama pūrvaparigrahaḥ
praśnān uktvā tu mādreya tataḥ piba harasva ca

12. My dear (son), do not act rashly! This (water) is my prior possession. O son of Madri, only after you have answered the questions may you then drink and take (the water).

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (used affectionately, here implying 'my son' by the Yakṣa to Nakula) (father, dear one, my son)

• साहसम् (sāhasam) - rash act, violence, audacity

• कार्षीः (kārṣīḥ) - do (you) commit (you should do, you might do (aorist of prohibition))

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• पूर्वपरिग्रहः (pūrvaparigrahaḥ) - my prior possession (referring to the water) (prior possession, previously occupied, ancient property)

• प्रश्नान् (praśnān) - questions

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having answered (the questions) (having said, having spoken, having answered)

• तु (tu) - only after (but, indeed, however)

• माद्रेय (mādreya) - O son of Madri (referring to Nakula) (son of Madri)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• पिब (piba) - you may drink (drink (imperative))

• हरस्व (harasva) - take (the water for your brothers) (take, carry away (imperative))

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with aorist for prohibition.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (used affectionately, here implying 'my son' by the Yakṣa to Nakula) (father, dear one, my son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, my son

साहसम् (sāhasam) - rash act, violence, audacity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāhasa

sāhasa - rash act, audacity, violence

Note: Object of 'kārṣīḥ'.

कार्षीः (kārṣīḥ) - do (you) commit (you should do, you might do (aorist of prohibition))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (Luṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'mā' to express prohibition.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, my, me

पूर्वपरिग्रहः (pūrvaparigrahaḥ) - my prior possession (referring to the water) (prior possession, previously occupied, ancient property)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrvaparigraha

pūrvaparigraha - prior possession, previous occupation, ancient property

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+parigraha)

• pūrva – prior, former, earlier
  adjective (masculine)
• parigraha – possession, property, claim, surrounding
  noun (masculine)
  from pari + grah (to seize, take)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Refers to the water. Implied "this is".

प्रश्नान् (praśnān) - questions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of praśna

praśna - question, query

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having answered (the questions) (having said, having spoken, having answered)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root vac (substituted by uk) with suffix -tvā

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - only after (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

माद्रेय (mādreya) - O son of Madri (referring to Nakula) (son of Madri)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādreya

mādreya - son of Madri

A patronymic derived from Madri

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

पिब (piba) - you may drink (drink (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of pā

Root: pā (class 1)

हरस्व (harasva) - take (the water for your brothers) (take, carry away (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (Loṭ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Atmanepada form.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)