महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-197, verse-5

अपध्याता च विप्रेण न्यपतद्वसुधातले ।
बलाकां पतितां दृष्ट्वा गतसत्त्वामचेतनाम् ।
कारुण्यादभिसंतप्तः पर्यशोचत तां द्विजः ॥५॥

5. apadhyātā ca vipreṇa nyapatadvasudhātale ,
balākāṁ patitāṁ dṛṣṭvā gatasattvāmacetanām ,
kāruṇyādabhisaṁtaptaḥ paryaśocata tāṁ dvijaḥ.

5. apadhyātā ca vipreṇa nyapatat
vasudhātale balākām patitām dṛṣṭvā
gatasattvām acetanām kāruṇyāt
abhisaṃtaptaḥ paryaśocata tām dvijaḥ

5. Cursed by the Brahmin, she fell to the ground. Seeing that crane fallen, lifeless, and unconscious, the Brahmin, greatly distressed out of compassion, lamented for her.

Words meanings summery:

• अपध्याता (apadhyātā) - cursed, reviled

• च (ca) - and, also

• विप्रेण (vipreṇa) - by the Brahmin, by the twice-born

• न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell down

• वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

• बलाकाम् (balākām) - the crane (bird)

• पतिताम् (patitām) - fallen, descended

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• गतसत्त्वाम् (gatasattvām) - lifeless, unconscious, whose life had departed

• अचेतनाम् (acetanām) - unconscious, inanimate, without consciousness

• कारुण्यात् (kāruṇyāt) - out of compassion, due to pity

• अभिसंतप्तः (abhisaṁtaptaḥ) - greatly distressed, intensely afflicted

• पर्यशोचत (paryaśocata) - lamented, grieved

• ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the Brahmin, the twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

अपध्याता (apadhyātā) - cursed, reviled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apadhyāta

apadhyāta - cursed, reviled, thought ill of

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root dhyā with prefix apa, usually meaning 'to meditate on,' but with 'apa,' it means 'to curse' or 'to think ill of.'

Prefix: apa

Root: dhyā (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विप्रेण (vipreṇa) - by the Brahmin, by the twice-born

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, twice-born, a scholar

न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect active

Derived from root pat with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the ground, on the surface of the earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vasudhātala

vasudhātala - ground, earth's surface

Compound of vasudhā (earth) and tala (surface).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasudhā+tala)

• vasudhā – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, ground, bottom
  noun (neuter)

बलाकाम् (balākām) - the crane (bird)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of balākā

balākā - crane (bird)

पतिताम् (patitām) - fallen, descended

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

गतसत्त्वाम् (gatasattvām) - lifeless, unconscious, whose life had departed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gatasattva

gatasattva - lifeless, unconscious, whose essence/life has gone

Compound of gata (gone) and sattva (life-force, essence).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+sattva)

• gata – gone, departed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam.
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sattva – being, existence, life-force, essence, goodness
  noun (neuter)

अचेतनाम् (acetanām) - unconscious, inanimate, without consciousness

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of acetana

acetana - unconscious, inanimate, without consciousness

Formed with negative prefix 'a' and cetana (conscious).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cetana)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• cetana – conscious, animate, sentient
  adjective
  From root cit (to perceive, to think)
  Root: cit (class 1)

कारुण्यात् (kāruṇyāt) - out of compassion, due to pity

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāruṇya

kāruṇya - compassion, pity, mercy

अभिसंतप्तः (abhisaṁtaptaḥ) - greatly distressed, intensely afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhisaṃtapta

abhisaṁtapta - greatly distressed, intensely tormented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tap with prefixes abhi and sam.

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: tap (class 1)

पर्यशोचत (paryaśocata) - lamented, grieved

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of śoc

Imperfect active

Derived from root śoc with prefix pari. The 'a' before 'śocata' is due to the imperfect tense formation.

Prefix: pari

Root: śoc (class 1)

ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the Brahmin, the twice-born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - Brahmin, twice-born, a bird, a tooth