महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-197, verse-42

अत्युक्तमपि मे सर्वं क्षन्तुमर्हस्यनिन्दित ।
स्त्रियो ह्यवध्याः सर्वेषां ये धर्मविदुषो जनाः ॥४२॥

42. atyuktamapi me sarvaṁ kṣantumarhasyanindita ,
striyo hyavadhyāḥ sarveṣāṁ ye dharmaviduṣo janāḥ.

42. atiuktam api me sarvam kṣantum arhasi anindita
striyaḥ hi avadhyāḥ sarveṣām ye dharmaviduṣaḥ janāḥ

42. O blameless one (anindita), you should forgive all that was excessively spoken by me. For women are indeed inviolable for all those people who understand the natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• अतिउक्तम् (atiuktam) - all that was excessively spoken (excessively spoken, spoken too much)

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing 'all') (also, even, indeed)

• मे (me) - by me (by me, my, to me)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (that was said) (all, entire)

• क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive, to bear

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

• अनिन्दित (anindita) - O blameless one, O faultless one

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• अवध्याः (avadhyāḥ) - not to be killed, inviolable

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - for all (people) (of all)

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• धर्मविदुषः (dharmaviduṣaḥ) - who understand the natural law (dharma) (knowers of dharma, those who understand dharma)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people

Words meanings and morphology

अतिउक्तम् (atiuktam) - all that was excessively spoken (excessively spoken, spoken too much)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atiukta

atiukta - excessively said, overspoken

Past Passive Participle compound

From ati-√vac (to speak excessively).

Compound type : pra-adi tatpuruṣa (ati+ukta)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
• ukta – spoken, said
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kṣantum arhasi'.

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing 'all') (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - by me (by me, my, to me)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (1st person pronoun)

Note: Instrumental 'by me' as agent of the passive participle 'atiuktam'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (that was said) (all, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Modifies 'atiuktam'.

क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive, to bear

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From √kṣam (to endure, forgive) + tumun suffix.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of arh

Present indicative

From √arh (to deserve, be able).

Root: arh (class 1)

अनिन्दित (anindita) - O blameless one, O faultless one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anindita

anindita - unblamed, blameless, faultless

Negated Past Passive Participle

From 'a-' (negation) + 'nindita' (blamed, from √nid, to blame).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nindita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nindita – blamed, reproached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √nid (to blame).
  Root: nid (class 1)

Note: Addressing the brahmin.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

Note: Subject of the clause.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अवध्याः (avadhyāḥ) - not to be killed, inviolable

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, inviolable, immune from death penalty

Gerundive / Negated Gerundive

From 'a-' (negation) + 'vadhya' (to be killed, from √vadh/han, to strike/kill).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vadhya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vadhya – to be killed, killable
  adjective (feminine)
  Gerundive
  From √han (to strike, kill) with suffix -ya.
  Root: han (class 2)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - for all (people) (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'janāḥ'.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'janāḥ'.

धर्मविदुषः (dharmaviduṣaḥ) - who understand the natural law (dharma) (knowers of dharma, those who understand dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmaviduṣ

dharmaviduṣ - knower of dharma, righteous

Agent noun

From 'dharma' and √vid (to know) + uṣ/vip.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+viduṣ)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛ.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• viduṣ – knower, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √vid (to know) + uṣ/vip suffix.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'janāḥ'.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, creature

From √jan (to be born, produce).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the relative clause 'ye dharmaviduṣaḥ'.