महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-197, verse-36

ब्रह्मचारी च वेदान्यो अधीयीत द्विजोत्तमः ।
स्वाध्याये चाप्रमत्तो वै तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥३६॥

36. brahmacārī ca vedānyo adhīyīta dvijottamaḥ ,
svādhyāye cāpramatto vai taṁ devā brāhmaṇaṁ viduḥ.

36. brahmacārī ca vedān yaḥ adhīyīta dvijottamaḥ
svādhyāye ca apramattaḥ vai taṃ devāḥ brāhmaṇam viduḥ

36. The gods know him as a true brahmin who, being a student of sacred knowledge (brahman) and the best among the twice-born (dvija), would study the Vedas and is indeed vigilant in his self-study (svādhyāya).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - A celibate student, one who practices the vow of a student, a student of the Vedas or sacred knowledge (brahman).

• च (ca) - And, also.

• वेदान् (vedān) - The sacred scriptures of Hinduism. (The Vedas (plural).)

• यः (yaḥ) - Who, which (masculine nominative singular).

• अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - Would study, should study.

• द्विजोत्तमः (dvijottamaḥ) - Refers to a brahmin who is superior in conduct and knowledge. (The best among the twice-born.)

• स्वाध्याये (svādhyāye) - In diligent recitation and study of sacred texts (svādhyāya). (In self-study.)

• च (ca) - And, also.

• अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - Not negligent, diligent, vigilant, attentive.

• वै (vai) - Indeed, certainly, verily.

• तं (taṁ) - Him, that (masculine accusative singular).

• देवाः (devāḥ) - Gods, deities.

• ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - A brahmin, a person of the priestly class, a knower of Brahman.

• विदुः (viduḥ) - They know, they understand.

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - A celibate student, one who practices the vow of a student, a student of the Vedas or sacred knowledge (brahman).

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - A religious student, a celibate student, one who observes a vow of celibacy (brahmacarya), a follower of brahman.

From brahmacarya + in.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – The Absolute, the Supreme Reality (brahman), the sacred word, the Veda, prayer, sacred knowledge.
  noun (neuter)
  From root bṛh- (to grow, swell).
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• cārin – One who practices, performs, moves, wanders.
  adjective (masculine)
  From root car- (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: One of the qualities of the brahmin.

च (ca) - And, also.

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वेदान् (vedān) - The sacred scriptures of Hinduism. (The Vedas (plural).)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - Knowledge, sacred knowledge, the Veda (a collection of sacred texts).

From root vid- (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of the verb adhīyīta.

यः (yaḥ) - Who, which (masculine nominative singular).

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - Which, who, what (relative pronoun).

Note: Subject of the following optative verb.

अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - Would study, should study.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi liṅ) of adhī

From root i- (to go) with prefix adhi-.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: 3rd person singular middle optative.

द्विजोत्तमः (dvijottamaḥ) - Refers to a brahmin who is superior in conduct and knowledge. (The best among the twice-born.)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijottama

dvijottama - The best among the twice-born (dvija), an excellent brahmin.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – Twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas after initiation), a brahmin, a bird, a tooth.
  noun (masculine)
  dvi (twice) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• uttama – Best, highest, excellent, principal.
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of ut.

Note: Qualifies the implied 'brahmin' in the relative clause.

स्वाध्याये (svādhyāye) - In diligent recitation and study of sacred texts (svādhyāya). (In self-study.)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svādhyāya

svādhyāya - Self-study, recitation of Vedic texts, spiritual study (svādhyāya).

Prefixes: sva+adhi

Root: ī (class 2)

Note: Locative indicating the sphere of diligence.

च (ca) - And, also.

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - Not negligent, diligent, vigilant, attentive.

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apramatta

apramatta - Not negligent, vigilant, diligent, attentive, careful.

From a- (negation) + pramatta (negligent, careless, intoxicated). pramatta is P.P.P. of mad with pra.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramatta)

• a – Not, un-, non- (negative prefix).
  indeclinable
• pramatta – Negligent, careless, inattentive, intoxicated, deluded.
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mad- (to be glad, intoxicated) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied 'brahmin'.

वै (vai) - Indeed, certainly, verily.

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तं (taṁ) - Him, that (masculine accusative singular).

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - That, him (demonstrative/anaphoric pronoun).

Note: Correlative pronoun to yaḥ.

देवाः (devāḥ) - Gods, deities.

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - God, deity, celestial being.

Root: div (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb viduḥ.

ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - A brahmin, a person of the priestly class, a knower of Brahman.

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - A brahmin (member of the priestly class), one connected with brahman, a knower of the Vedas or Brahman.

From brahman with suffix -aṇa.

Note: Object of the verb viduḥ.

विदुः (viduḥ) - They know, they understand.

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vid

Irregular verb, often grouped with the ad- class (2nd conjugation).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: From root vid (to know), 3rd person plural active.