महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-106, verse-4

तान्दृष्ट्वा भस्मसाद्भूतान्नारदः सुमहातपाः ।
सगरान्तिकमागच्छत्तच्च तस्मै न्यवेदयत् ॥४॥

4. tāndṛṣṭvā bhasmasādbhūtānnāradaḥ sumahātapāḥ ,
sagarāntikamāgacchattacca tasmai nyavedayat.

4. tān dṛṣṭvā bhasmasāt bhūtān nāradaḥ sumahātapaḥ
sagarāntikam āgacchat tat ca tasmai nyavedayat

4. Having seen them reduced to ashes, Nārada, who performed great austerities (tapas), approached Sagara and reported that to him.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• भस्मसात् (bhasmasāt) - to ashes, into ashes

• भूतान् (bhūtān) - having become (become, being)

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada

• सुमहातपः (sumahātapaḥ) - of great austerity

• सगरान्तिकम् (sagarāntikam) - to Sagara's proximity, near Sagara

• आगच्छत् (āgacchat) - he went, he approached

• तत् (tat) - that news/event (that)

• च (ca) - and

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to him

• न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - he reported, he announced

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) formed with -tvā suffix

भस्मसात् (bhasmasāt) - to ashes, into ashes

(indeclinable)

formed with the sāt-suffix indicating transformation

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhasman+sāt)

• bhasman – ash, cinders
  noun (neuter)
• sāt – suffix meaning 'becoming, turning into'
  indeclinable

भूतान् (bhūtān) - having become (become, being)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhūta

bhūta - become, been, past, an entity, a being

past passive participle

root bhū + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Root: bhū (class 1)

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (a divine sage, messenger of the gods)

सुमहातपः (sumahātapaḥ) - of great austerity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahātapas

sumahātapas - one of great austerity/penance (tapas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahat+tapas)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• tapas – austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)

सगरान्तिकम् (sagarāntikam) - to Sagara's proximity, near Sagara

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sagarāntika

sagarāntika - proximity to Sagara, near Sagara

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpurusha (sagara+antika)

• sagara – Sagara (a mythical king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• antika – proximity, vicinity, near
  noun (neuter)

आगच्छत् (āgacchat) - he went, he approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

upasarga ā- + imperfect form of root gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that news/event (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तस्मै (tasmai) - to him

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - he reported, he announced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nived

upasarga ni- + causative form of root vid

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 1)