महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-106, verse-10

लोमश उवाच ।
असमञ्जा इति ख्यातः सगरस्य सुतो ह्यभूत् ।
यं शैब्या जनयामास पौराणां स हि दारकान् ।
खुरेषु क्रोशतो गृह्य नद्यां चिक्षेप दुर्बलान् ॥१०॥

10. lomaśa uvāca ,
asamañjā iti khyātaḥ sagarasya suto hyabhūt ,
yaṁ śaibyā janayāmāsa paurāṇāṁ sa hi dārakān ,
khureṣu krośato gṛhya nadyāṁ cikṣepa durbalān.

10. lomaśaḥ uvāca | asamañjāḥ iti khyātaḥ
sagarasya sutaḥ hi abhūt | yam śaibyā
janayāmāsa paurāṇām sa hi dārakān | khureṣu
krośataḥ gṛhya nadyām cikṣepa durbalān

10. Lomaśa said: Indeed, a son of Sagara, known as Asamañjas, was born to Śaibyā. He would seize the weak children of the citizens, who were crying, by their feet, and then throw them into the river.

Words meanings summery:

• लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - The sage Lomasa is responding to Yudhiṣṭhira. (Lomasa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Lomasa spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira. (said, spoke)

• असमञ्जाः (asamañjāḥ) - The name of Sagara's son. (Asamañjas)

• इति (iti) - Indicates that 'Asamañjas' is the name by which he was known. (thus, so, named)

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - He was known as Asamañjas. (known, famous)

• सगरस्य (sagarasya) - Indicates Sagara as the father. (of Sagara)

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - Refers to Asamañjas as Sagara's son. (son)

• हि (hi) - Emphasizes the certainty of the statement. (indeed, for, because)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - Indicates his existence or birth in the past. (was, became)

• यम् (yam) - Refers back to the son, Asamañjas. (whom, which)

• शैब्या (śaibyā) - The mother of Asamañjas. (Śaibyā)

• जनयामास (janayāmāsa) - Śaibyā gave birth to Asamañjas. (gave birth, produced)

• पौराणाम् (paurāṇām) - The children belonged to the citizens. (of the citizens, belonging to the city dwellers)

• स (sa) - Refers to Asamañjas. (he, that)

• हि (hi) - Emphasizes that this was his habit. (indeed, for)

• दारकान् (dārakān) - The children whom Asamañjas abused. (boys, children)

• खुरेषु (khureṣu) - Refers to the children's feet (though khura generally means hoof, it can refer to foot or tip of something). (by the feet, on the hooves (literally))

• क्रोशतः (krośataḥ) - Describes the state of the children as they were being seized. (crying, screaming)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - Asamañjas seizing the children. (having seized, having taken)

• नद्याम् (nadyām) - The place where he threw the children. (in the river)

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - Asamañjas's action of throwing the children. (threw, cast)

• दुर्बलान् (durbalān) - Describing the children as weak and vulnerable. (weak, feeble)

Words meanings and morphology

लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - The sage Lomasa is responding to Yudhiṣṭhira. (Lomasa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - Lomasa (a sage)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - Lomasa spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

असमञ्जाः (asamañjāḥ) - The name of Sagara's son. (Asamañjas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asamañjas

asamañjas - Asamañjas (a proper name, lit. 'incoherent, inappropriate')

from a (not) + samañjas (consistent, appropriate)

Note: Subject of 'abhūt'.

इति (iti) - Indicates that 'Asamañjas' is the name by which he was known. (thus, so, named)

(indeclinable)

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - He was known as Asamañjas. (known, famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, celebrated

Past Passive Participle

from root khyā (to be known)

Root: khyā (class 2)

सगरस्य (sagarasya) - Indicates Sagara as the father. (of Sagara)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Sagara (a king)

Note: Possessive, 'Sagara's son'.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - Refers to Asamañjas as Sagara's son. (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

from root sū (to beget)

Root: sū (class 2)

हि (hi) - Emphasizes the certainty of the statement. (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अभूत् (abhūt) - Indicates his existence or birth in the past. (was, became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist mood, 3rd person singular

from root bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

यम् (yam) - Refers back to the son, Asamañjas. (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Object of janayāmāsa.

शैब्या (śaibyā) - The mother of Asamañjas. (Śaibyā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śaibyā

śaibyā - Śaibyā (a queen's name)

Note: Subject of janayāmāsa.

जनयामास (janayāmāsa) - Śaibyā gave birth to Asamañjas. (gave birth, produced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past periphrastic perfect (lit) of janayāmās

Periphrastic Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

from root jan (to be born) in causative form janaya +āmāsa

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The form "janayāmāsa" itself is a periphrastic perfect.

पौराणाम् (paurāṇām) - The children belonged to the citizens. (of the citizens, belonging to the city dwellers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paura

paura - citizen, city-dweller

from pura (city)

Note: Qualifies dārakān.

स (sa) - Refers to Asamañjas. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of cikṣepa.

हि (hi) - Emphasizes that this was his habit. (indeed, for)

(indeclinable)

दारकान् (dārakān) - The children whom Asamañjas abused. (boys, children)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dāraka

dāraka - boy, child

Note: Object of cikṣepa.

खुरेषु (khureṣu) - Refers to the children's feet (though khura generally means hoof, it can refer to foot or tip of something). (by the feet, on the hooves (literally))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of khura

khura - hoof, foot, tip

Note: Used in a sense of 'by their feet' or 'by the soles of their feet' in this context, where children are involved.

क्रोशतः (krośataḥ) - Describes the state of the children as they were being seized. (crying, screaming)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of krośat

krośat - crying, screaming, shouting

Present Active Participle

from root kruś (to cry out) + śatṛ suffix

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Participle acting as an adjective.

गृह्य (gṛhya) - Asamañjas seizing the children. (having seized, having taken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from root grah (to seize) + lyap/ya suffix

Root: grah (class 9)

नद्याम् (nadyām) - The place where he threw the children. (in the river)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - Asamañjas's action of throwing the children. (threw, cast)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kṣip

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

from root kṣip (to throw)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

दुर्बलान् (durbalān) - Describing the children as weak and vulnerable. (weak, feeble)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, helpless

from dus (bad, difficult) + bala (strength)

Note: Qualifies dārakān.