महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-106, verse-37

दिलीपस्तु ततः श्रुत्वा पितॄणां निधनं महत् ।
पर्यतप्यत दुःखेन तेषां गतिमचिन्तयत् ॥३७॥

37. dilīpastu tataḥ śrutvā pitṝṇāṁ nidhanaṁ mahat ,
paryatapyata duḥkhena teṣāṁ gatimacintayat.

37. dilīpaḥ tu tatas śrutvā pitṝṇām nidhanam mahat
paryatapyata duḥkhena teṣām gatim acintayat

37. Hearing then of the great demise of his ancestors, Dilipa grieved deeply with sorrow and pondered their fate.

Words meanings summery:

• दिलीपः (dilīpaḥ) - King Dilipa (Dilipa (a king's name))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• ततस् (tatas) - then (then, thence, from that)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• पितॄणाम् (pitṝṇām) - of the ancestors (of the fathers, of the ancestors)

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - demise (death, destruction, demise, end)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

• पर्यतप्यत (paryatapyata) - he grieved deeply (he grieved, he suffered)

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - with sorrow (by sorrow, with pain)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (referring to ancestors) (of them)

• गतिम् (gatim) - fate (movement, path, fate, destination, state)

• अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he pondered (he thought, he pondered, he considered)

Words meanings and morphology

दिलीपः (dilīpaḥ) - King Dilipa (Dilipa (a king's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dilīpa

dilīpa - Name of a king, Raghu's father

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

ततस् (tatas) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative of tad

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root śru with suffix tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

पितॄणाम् (pitṝṇām) - of the ancestors (of the fathers, of the ancestors)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

निधनम् (nidhanam) - demise (death, destruction, demise, end)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, end, loss

From ni-dhā

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of śrutvā

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Present active participle of mah

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies nidhanam

पर्यतप्यत (paryatapyata) - he grieved deeply (he grieved, he suffered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of tap

Imperfect Middle, 3rd person singular, from root tap with upasargas pari and ā

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: tap (class 1)

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - with sorrow (by sorrow, with pain)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, unhappiness

Note: Adverbial use indicating manner

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (referring to ancestors) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine plural genitive

Note: Possessive, referring to pitṛ

गतिम् (gatim) - fate (movement, path, fate, destination, state)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, destination, state, fate, course

From root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of acintayat

अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he pondered (he thought, he pondered, he considered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cint

Causal stem of cit (cintayati)

Imperfect Active, 3rd person singular

Root: cit (class 10)