महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-106, verse-16

एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं यथा पुत्रो महात्मना ।
पौराणां हितकामेन सगरेण विवासितः ॥१६॥

16. etatte sarvamākhyātaṁ yathā putro mahātmanā ,
paurāṇāṁ hitakāmena sagareṇa vivāsitaḥ.

16. etat te sarvam ākhyātam yathā putraḥ mahātmanā
paurāṇām hitakāmena sagareṇa vivāsitaḥ

16. All this has been recounted to you: how the son was exiled by the noble-souled (mahātman) Sagara, who was motivated by the desire for the citizens' welfare.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• ते (te) - to you, your, by you

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - recounted, told, narrated

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in what manner

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, offspring

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one, by the noble one

• पौराणाम् (paurāṇām) - of the citizens, of the townspeople

• हितकामेन (hitakāmena) - by the one desiring welfare, by the benevolent one

• सगरेण (sagareṇa) - by Sagara (proper name)

• विवासितः (vivāsitaḥ) - banished, exiled, removed

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

ते (te) - to you, your, by you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Can also be genitive singular.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - recounted, told, narrated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, narrated, reported, named

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'khyā' (to tell) with upasarga 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one, by the noble one

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, a great being

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ātman' (soul/self)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Sagara.

पौराणाम् (paurāṇām) - of the citizens, of the townspeople

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paura

paura - citizen, townsperson, urbanite

Derived from 'pura' (city)

हितकामेन (hitakāmena) - by the one desiring welfare, by the benevolent one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hitakāma

hitakāma - desirous of welfare, benevolent, philanthropic

Compound of 'hita' (welfare) and 'kāma' (desire)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+kāma)

• hita – beneficial, salutary, welfare, good
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun/adjective)
  Past Passive Participle of root 'dhā' (to place) with 'hi' replacement
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāma – desire, wish, love, longing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'Sagara'.

सगरेण (sagareṇa) - by Sagara (proper name)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Name of a legendary king of Ayodhya

विवासितः (vivāsitaḥ) - banished, exiled, removed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivāsita

vivāsita - banished, exiled, made to leave

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'vas' (to dwell) with upasarga 'vi', in causative form

Prefix: vi

Root: vas (class 1)