महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-106, verse-11

ततः पौराः समाजग्मुर्भयशोकपरिप्लुताः ।
सगरं चाभ्ययाचन्त सर्वे प्राञ्जलयः स्थिताः ॥११॥

11. tataḥ paurāḥ samājagmurbhayaśokapariplutāḥ ,
sagaraṁ cābhyayācanta sarve prāñjalayaḥ sthitāḥ.

11. tataḥ paurāḥ samājagmuḥ bhayaśokapariprutāḥ |
sagaram ca abhyayācanta sarve prāñjalayaḥ sthitāḥ

11. Then the citizens, overwhelmed with fear and sorrow, gathered together. All of them stood with folded hands and implored Sagara.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - Indicates a sequence of events. (then, from there, afterwards)

• पौराः (paurāḥ) - The inhabitants of the city, affected by Asamañjas's actions. (citizens, city-dwellers)

• समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - The citizens assembled to appeal to the king. (gathered, came together)

• भयशोकपरिप्रुताः (bhayaśokapariprutāḥ) - Describes the emotional state of the citizens. (overwhelmed by fear and sorrow)

• सगरम् (sagaram) - The object of the citizens' appeal. (Sagara)

• च (ca) - Connects the two actions: gathering and imploring. (and)

• अभ्ययाचन्त (abhyayācanta) - The citizens appealing to King Sagara. (implored, requested, prayed to)

• सर्वे (sarve) - All the assembled citizens. (all, everyone)

• प्राञ्जलयः (prāñjalayaḥ) - Describes the posture of the citizens showing reverence and supplication. (with folded hands, respectful)

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - The citizens were standing as they made their appeal. (standing, situated)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - Indicates a sequence of events. (then, from there, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

पौराः (paurāḥ) - The inhabitants of the city, affected by Asamañjas's actions. (citizens, city-dwellers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paura

paura - citizen, city-dweller

from pura (city)

Note: Subject of samājagmuḥ.

समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - The citizens assembled to appeal to the king. (gathered, came together)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of samājagam

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

from root gam (to go) with prefix sam-ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Prefixed verb.

भयशोकपरिप्रुताः (bhayaśokapariprutāḥ) - Describes the emotional state of the citizens. (overwhelmed by fear and sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayaśokaparipruta

bhayaśokaparipruta - covered, permeated, overwhelmed by fear and sorrow

Past Passive Participle

from bhaya (fear) + śoka (sorrow) + pari-plu (to float over, cover) + kta suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+śoka+paripruta)

• bhaya – fear
  noun (neuter)
• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
• paripruta – covered, overwhelmed, drenched
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root plu (to float, to cover) with prefix pari
  Prefix: pari
  Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with paurāḥ.

सगरम् (sagaram) - The object of the citizens' appeal. (Sagara)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Sagara (a king)

Note: Object of abhyayācanta.

च (ca) - Connects the two actions: gathering and imploring. (and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अभ्ययाचन्त (abhyayācanta) - The citizens appealing to King Sagara. (implored, requested, prayed to)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyayāc

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural (Ātmanepada)

from root yāc (to beg) with prefixes abhi-ā

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: yāc (class 1)

Note: Originally from the root √yāc (class 1, Parasmaipada), but here with Ātmanepada ending indicating Middle Voice often with prefixes.

सर्वे (sarve) - All the assembled citizens. (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: Agrees with paurāḥ.

प्राञ्जलयः (prāñjalayaḥ) - Describes the posture of the citizens showing reverence and supplication. (with folded hands, respectful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāñjali

prāñjali - having folded hands, respectful gesture

from pra (forward) + añjali (hollow of the hands)

Note: Agrees with paurāḥ.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - The citizens were standing as they made their appeal. (standing, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā (to stand) + kta suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with paurāḥ.