महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-106, verse-12

त्वं नस्त्राता महाराज परचक्रादिभिर्भयैः ।
असमञ्जोभयाद्घोरात्ततो नस्त्रातुमर्हसि ॥१२॥

12. tvaṁ nastrātā mahārāja paracakrādibhirbhayaiḥ ,
asamañjobhayādghorāttato nastrātumarhasi.

12. tvam naḥ trātā mahārāja paracakrādibhiḥ bhayaiḥ
| asamañjaḥ bhayāt ghorāt tataḥ naḥ trātum arhasi

12. You are our protector, O Great King, from the fears caused by enemy armies and the like. Therefore, you ought to protect us from the terrible fear of Asamañjas.

12. (ואמרו) הו מלך גדול, אתה מצילנו מפחדים כמו פלישת צבאות אויב ודומיהם, ועתה אנא הצל אותנו גם מהפחד הנורא מפני אַסַמַנְג׳ַה.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वम् (tvam) - The citizens are addressing King Sagara directly. (you)

• नः (naḥ) - The citizens (us) are asking the king to protect them. (us, our)

• त्राता (trātā) - King Sagara is the one who protects the citizens. (protector, rescuer)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Vocative address to King Sagara. (great king, emperor)

• परचक्रादिभिः (paracakrādibhiḥ) - Specifying the source of fears from which protection is needed. (by enemy armies and the like)

• भयैः (bhayaiḥ) - The dangers from which the citizens seek protection. Instrumental here implies source from which protection is given. (by fears, from fears)

• असमञ्जः (asamañjaḥ) - The source of the specific terrible fear. (Asamañjas)

• भयात् (bhayāt) - The immediate danger from Asamañjas. (from fear)

• घोरात् (ghorāt) - Modifies bhayāt, emphasizing the severity of the fear. (from terrible, from dreadful)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Indicates a logical consequence: because he is a protector, he should protect them from this specific danger. (therefore, then, from that)

• नः (naḥ) - The citizens (us) are the object of protection. (us)

• त्रातुम् (trātum) - The action the citizens want Sagara to perform. (to protect, to rescue)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - Expresses the citizens' plea that Sagara should protect them. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वम् (tvam) - The citizens are addressing King Sagara directly. (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject.

नः (naḥ) - The citizens (us) are asking the king to protect them. (us, our)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: 'Our protector'.

त्राता (trātā) - King Sagara is the one who protects the citizens. (protector, rescuer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trātṛ

trātṛ - protector, preserver, rescuer

Agent noun

from root trā (to protect) + tṛc suffix

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative to tvam.

महाराज (mahārāja) - Vocative address to King Sagara. (great king, emperor)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign

from mahā (great) + rājan (king)

परचक्रादिभिः (paracakrādibhiḥ) - Specifying the source of fears from which protection is needed. (by enemy armies and the like)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paracakrādi

paracakrādi - enemy armies etc., hostile forces and the like

from para (other, enemy) + cakra (army, wheel) + ādi (beginning, etc.)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+cakra+ādi)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  adjective
• cakra – wheel, army, discus
  noun (neuter)
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and so on
  indeclinable

Note: Qualifies bhayaiḥ.

भयैः (bhayaiḥ) - The dangers from which the citizens seek protection. Instrumental here implies source from which protection is given. (by fears, from fears)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of bhaya

bhaya - fear, danger

from root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Used with trātā, signifying 'protection from these fears'.

असमञ्जः (asamañjaḥ) - The source of the specific terrible fear. (Asamañjas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asamañjas

asamañjas - Asamañjas (a proper name, lit. 'incoherent, inappropriate')

from a (not) + samañjas (consistent, appropriate)

Note: It's the source of `bhayāt`.

भयात् (bhayāt) - The immediate danger from Asamañjas. (from fear)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, danger

from root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: 'from fear', the direct object of protection in the second clause.

घोरात् (ghorāt) - Modifies bhayāt, emphasizing the severity of the fear. (from terrible, from dreadful)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, awful

Note: Agrees with bhayāt.

ततः (tataḥ) - Indicates a logical consequence: because he is a protector, he should protect them from this specific danger. (therefore, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

नः (naḥ) - The citizens (us) are the object of protection. (us)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of trātum.

त्रातुम् (trātum) - The action the citizens want Sagara to perform. (to protect, to rescue)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from root trā (to protect) + tumun suffix

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Infinitive.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - Expresses the citizens' plea that Sagara should protect them. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, 2nd person singular

from root arh (to be worthy)

Root: arh (class 10)

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