महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-3, verse-4

नादृश्यन्त च तास्तत्र यातनाः पापकर्मिणाम् ।
नदी वैतरणी चैव कूटशाल्मलिना सह ॥४॥

4. nādṛśyanta ca tāstatra yātanāḥ pāpakarmiṇām ,
nadī vaitaraṇī caiva kūṭaśālmalinā saha.

4. na adṛśyanta ca tāḥ tatra yātanāḥ pāpakarmīṇām
| nadī vaitaraṇī ca eva kūṭaśālmalinā saha

4. tatra pāpakarmīṇām tāḥ yātanāḥ ca nadī
vaitaraṇī ca eva kūṭaśālmalinā saha na adṛśyanta

4. And there, those torments of the evildoers, the river Vaitaraṇī, and even the Kuṭaśālmali tree along with it, were no longer visible.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - they were visible (they were seen, they appeared)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• तत्र (tatra) - there (where Yudhiṣṭhira was) (there, in that place)

• यातनाः (yātanāḥ) - the torments (of hell) (torments, tortures, pains)

• पापकर्मीणाम् (pāpakarmīṇām) - of the evildoers (of the evildoers, of those who perform evil deeds)

• नदी (nadī) - the river (river)

• वैतरणी (vaitaraṇī) - the Vaitaraṇī (river of hell) (Vaitaraṇī (name of a river in hell))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - even (only, just, indeed, even)

• कूटशाल्मलिना (kūṭaśālmalinā) - with the Kuṭaśālmali tree (with the Kuṭaśālmali (tree))

• सह (saha) - along with (with, along with, together with)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation

अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - they were visible (they were seen, they appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

imperfect passive indicative

Imperfect 3rd plural passive (ātmanepada) from root 'dṛś'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'yātanāḥ'

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

तत्र (tatra) - there (where Yudhiṣṭhira was) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from demonstrative pronoun 'tad'

यातनाः (yātanāḥ) - the torments (of hell) (torments, tortures, pains)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yātanā

yātanā - torment, torture, pain, punishment

From root 'yat' (to strive, punish)

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Refers to the tortures of Naraka (hell)

पापकर्मीणाम् (pāpakarmīṇām) - of the evildoers (of the evildoers, of those who perform evil deeds)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāpakarmin

pāpakarmin - evildoer, sinner, one who performs evil deeds

From 'pāpa' (evil) + 'karman' (action)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+karman)

• pāpa – evil, wicked, sin, demerit
  noun (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work, fate
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'kṛ' (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Possessive, referring to the source of the torments

नदी (nadī) - the river (river)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: The river Vaitaraṇī, a river of hell

वैतरणी (vaitaraṇī) - the Vaitaraṇī (river of hell) (Vaitaraṇī (name of a river in hell))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaitaraṇī

vaitaraṇī - Name of a mythical river in the underworld, crossed by the dead

From 'vitaraṇa' (crossing over), signifying difficulty in crossing

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the river in hell

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

एव (eva) - even (only, just, indeed, even)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

कूटशाल्मलिना (kūṭaśālmalinā) - with the Kuṭaśālmali tree (with the Kuṭaśālmali (tree))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kūṭaśālmali

kūṭaśālmali - A mythical tree in hell, often described as having sharp thorns or a false summit

Compound of 'kūṭa' (summit, false, curved) and 'śālmali' (silk-cotton tree)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kūṭa+śālmali)

• kūṭa – peak, summit, horn, false, deceitful
  noun (masculine)
• śālmali – silk-cotton tree (Bombax ceiba)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental case governed by 'saha'

सह (saha) - along with (with, along with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing instrumental case