महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-3, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स्थिते मुहूर्तं पार्थे तु धर्मराजे युधिष्ठिरे ।
आजग्मुस्तत्र कौरव्य देवाः शक्रपुरोगमाः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sthite muhūrtaṁ pārthe tu dharmarāje yudhiṣṭhire ,
ājagmustatra kauravya devāḥ śakrapurogamāḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | sthite muhūrtam pārthe tu dharmarāje
yudhiṣṭhire | ājagmuḥ tatra kauravya devāḥ śakrapurogamāḥ

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca kauravya pārthe tu dharmarāje yudhiṣṭhire
muhūrtam sthite tatra śakrapurogamāḥ devāḥ ājagmuḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: While Pārtha and King Yudhiṣṭhira, the upholder of natural law (dharma), remained there for a moment, O scion of Kuru, the gods, led by Indra, arrived there.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage Vaiśampāyana, narrating the story (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśampāyana) said (said, spoke)

• स्थिते (sthite) - while Pārtha and Yudhiṣṭhira remained (while standing, while being, when remained)

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment (for a moment, for an instant)

• पार्थे (pārthe) - Pārtha (Arjuna) (in Pārtha, regarding Pārtha, for Pārtha)

• तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

• धर्मराजे (dharmarāje) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, the upholder of natural law (dharma) (in the king of dharma, in the righteous king, in Yudhiṣṭhira)

• युधिष्ठिरे (yudhiṣṭhire) - in King Yudhiṣṭhira (in Yudhiṣṭhira)

• आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - the gods arrived (they came, they arrived)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (where Pārtha and Yudhiṣṭhira were) (there, in that place)

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O scion of Kuru (addressing King Janamejaya) (O descendant of Kuru, O scion of Kuru)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the divine beings (gods, deities)

• शक्रपुरोगमाः (śakrapurogamāḥ) - the gods led by Indra (having Indra as their leader, led by Indra)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage Vaiśampāyana, narrating the story (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśampāyana) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative

Irregular perfect form from root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

स्थिते (sthite) - while Pārtha and Yudhiṣṭhira remained (while standing, while being, when remained)

(verbal derivative)

Note: Refers to Pārtha and Yudhiṣṭhira. Dual locative

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment (for a moment, for an instant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, an instant (a Vedic measure of time, 48 minutes)

Note: Used adverbially to denote duration

पार्थे (pārthe) - Pārtha (Arjuna) (in Pārtha, regarding Pārtha, for Pārtha)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name of Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī)

तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

(indeclinable)

धर्मराजे (dharmarāje) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, the upholder of natural law (dharma) (in the king of dharma, in the righteous king, in Yudhiṣṭhira)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, king of natural law, righteous king (a title of Yudhiṣṭhira, or Yama)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरे (yudhiṣṭhire) - in King Yudhiṣṭhira (in Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Formed from 'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  indeclinable
  Locative of yudh (battle) used adverbially within compound
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira

आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - the gods arrived (they came, they arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

perfect active indicative

From root 'gam' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there (where Pārtha and Yudhiṣṭhira were) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from demonstrative pronoun 'tad'

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O scion of Kuru (addressing King Janamejaya) (O descendant of Kuru, O scion of Kuru)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

Formed from 'kuru' + 'vyat' suffix

Note: Used as an address by Vaiśampāyana to Janamejaya

देवाः (devāḥ) - the divine beings (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - a god, a deity, a divine being

Root: div (class 4)

शक्रपुरोगमाः (śakrapurogamāḥ) - the gods led by Indra (having Indra as their leader, led by Indra)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakrapurogama

śakrapurogama - having Indra (Śakra) as their leader, led by Indra

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śakra+puras+gama)

• śakra – Indra (name of the king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: śak (class 5)
• puras – in front, before, eastward
  indeclinable
• gama – going, moving, leading
  verbal derivative (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective suffix
  From root 'gam' (to go) with suffix 'a'
  Root: gam (class 1)