महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-3, verse-39

गङ्गां देवनदीं पुण्यां पावनीमृषिसंस्तुताम् ।
अवगाह्य तु तां राजा तनुं तत्याज मानुषीम् ॥३९॥

39. gaṅgāṁ devanadīṁ puṇyāṁ pāvanīmṛṣisaṁstutām ,
avagāhya tu tāṁ rājā tanuṁ tatyāja mānuṣīm.

39. gaṅgām devanadīm puṇyām pāvanīm ṛṣisaṃstutām
avagāhya tu tām rājā tanum tatyāja mānuṣīm

39. rājā tām gaṅgām devanadīm puṇyām pāvanīm
ṛṣisaṃstutām avagāhya tu mānuṣīm tanum tatyāja

39. Having plunged into that Gaṅgā, the divine river, sacred, purifying, and praised by sages, the king then abandoned his human body.

Words meanings summery:

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - The sacred river Gaṅgā. (the Gaṅgā (river))

• देवनदीम् (devanadīm) - divine river

• पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - sacred, holy, meritorious

• पावनीम् (pāvanīm) - purifying, sanctifying

• ऋषिसंस्तुताम् (ṛṣisaṁstutām) - praised by sages

• अवगाह्य (avagāhya) - having plunged into, having bathed in

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, then

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to Gaṅgā. (that (feminine))

• राजा (rājā) - king

• तनुम् (tanum) - body, form

• तत्याज (tatyāja) - abandoned, gave up

• मानुषीम् (mānuṣīm) - human

Words meanings and morphology

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - The sacred river Gaṅgā. (the Gaṅgā (river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Gaṅgā (Ganges)

देवनदीम् (devanadīm) - divine river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devanadī

devanadī - river of the gods, divine river

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+nadī)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with Gaṅgām.

पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - sacred, holy, meritorious

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, holy, pure, meritorious, virtuous

Note: Agrees with Gaṅgām.

पावनीम् (pāvanīm) - purifying, sanctifying

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāvanī

pāvanī - purifying, sanctifying, cleanser

Derived from root √pū (to purify) with -anī suffix.

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Gaṅgām.

ऋषिसंस्तुताम् (ṛṣisaṁstutām) - praised by sages

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ṛṣisaṃstuta

ṛṣisaṁstuta - praised or extolled by sages

Past Passive Participle

Compound of ṛṣi (sage) and saṃstuta (well-praised, from √stu with saṃ)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+saṃstuta)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• saṃstuta – well-praised, extolled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √stu with prefix saṃ
  Prefix: saṃ
  Root: stu (class 2)

Note: Agrees with Gaṅgām.

अवगाह्य (avagāhya) - having plunged into, having bathed in

(indeclinable)

Gerund/Absolutive

From root √gāh (to plunge, to enter) with prefix ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, then

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - Refers to Gaṅgā. (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

तनुम् (tanum) - body, form

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tanu

tanu - body, form, person, self

Root: tan (class 8)

तत्याज (tatyāja) - abandoned, gave up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of tyaj

Perfect 3rd Person Singular

Reduplicated perfect from root √tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

मानुषीम् (mānuṣīm) - human

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mānuṣī

mānuṣī - human, pertaining to humans (feminine form)

Feminine form of mānuṣa.

Root: manu

Note: Agrees with tanum.