महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-49, verse-50

एवं द्वादशविस्तारो वायव्यो गुण उच्यते ।
विधिवद्ब्रह्मणैः सिद्धैर्धर्मज्ञैस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः ॥५०॥

50. evaṁ dvādaśavistāro vāyavyo guṇa ucyate ,
vidhivadbrahmaṇaiḥ siddhairdharmajñaistattvadarśibhiḥ.

50. evam dvādaśavistāraḥ vāyavyaḥ guṇaḥ ucyate vidhivat
brāhmaṇaiḥ siddhaiḥ dharmajñaiḥ tattvadarśibhiḥ

50. Thus, this twelve-fold manifestation, which is a quality of air (vāyu), is described. It is understood by duly accomplished brahmins (brāhmaṇa) who are knowledgeable in natural law (dharma) and are seers of ultimate reality (tattva).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so, indeed

• द्वादशविस्तारः (dvādaśavistāraḥ) - this twelve-fold manifestation (twelve-fold expansion, twelve-fold extent, manifestation of twelve aspects)

• वायव्यः (vāyavyaḥ) - a quality of air (vāyu) (related to air, aerial, belonging to Vāyu)

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality (quality, attribute, property, constituent)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is described (is said, is declared, is described, is called)

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - duly (according to rule, duly, properly, lawfully)

• ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by brahmins (brāhmaṇa) (by Brahmins, by those belonging to the priestly class)

• सिद्धैः (siddhaiḥ) - by accomplished [brahmins] (by accomplished ones, by perfected beings, by those who have attained success)

• धर्मज्ञैः (dharmajñaiḥ) - by those knowledgeable in natural law (dharma) (by knowers of dharma, by those familiar with natural law, by those understanding righteousness)

• तत्त्वदर्शिभिः (tattvadarśibhiḥ) - by seers of ultimate reality (tattva) (by seers of truth, by perceivers of reality, by those who discern principles)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so, indeed

(indeclinable)

द्वादशविस्तारः (dvādaśavistāraḥ) - this twelve-fold manifestation (twelve-fold expansion, twelve-fold extent, manifestation of twelve aspects)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvādaśavistāra

dvādaśavistāra - having a twelve-fold extent, twelve-fold expansion

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvādaśa+vistāra)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• vistāra – expansion, extent, diffusion
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root stṛ (to spread) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'guṇaḥ'.

वायव्यः (vāyavyaḥ) - a quality of air (vāyu) (related to air, aerial, belonging to Vāyu)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyavya

vāyavya - related to air, aerial, belonging to Vāyu

Derived from vāyu with suffix -ya.

Note: Qualifies 'guṇaḥ'.

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality (quality, attribute, property, constituent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, constituent (of prakṛti)

Note: Subject of 'ucyate'.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is described (is said, is declared, is described, is called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present tense, Ātmanepada, Passive voice

Root: vac (class 2)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - duly (according to rule, duly, properly, lawfully)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -vat.

Note: Modifies the brahmins and their state of being 'accomplished'.

ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by brahmins (brāhmaṇa) (by Brahmins, by those belonging to the priestly class)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, related to brahman

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'ucyate' (implicitly).

सिद्धैः (siddhaiḥ) - by accomplished [brahmins] (by accomplished ones, by perfected beings, by those who have attained success)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - accomplished, perfected, successful, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root sidh (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'brāhmaṇaiḥ'.

धर्मज्ञैः (dharmajñaiḥ) - by those knowledgeable in natural law (dharma) (by knowers of dharma, by those familiar with natural law, by those understanding righteousness)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing dharma, skilled in law or justice, righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'brāhmaṇaiḥ'.

तत्त्वदर्शिभिः (tattvadarśibhiḥ) - by seers of ultimate reality (tattva) (by seers of truth, by perceivers of reality, by those who discern principles)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tattvadarśin

tattvadarśin - seer of truth, discerning reality, philosopher

Agent noun from tattva (reality) + root dṛś (to see).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (tattva+darśin)

• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)
• darśin – seeing, knowing, showing, seer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun (affix -in)
  From root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'brāhmaṇaiḥ'.