महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-49, verse-12

सर्वैरपि गुणैर्विद्वान्व्यतिषक्तो न लिप्यते ।
जलबिन्दुर्यथा लोलः पद्मिनीपत्रसंस्थितः ।
एवमेवाप्यसंसक्तः पुरुषः स्यान्न संशयः ॥१२॥

12. sarvairapi guṇairvidvānvyatiṣakto na lipyate ,
jalabinduryathā lolaḥ padminīpatrasaṁsthitaḥ ,
evamevāpyasaṁsaktaḥ puruṣaḥ syānna saṁśayaḥ.

12. sarvaiḥ api guṇaiḥ vidvān vyatiṣaktaḥ
na lipyate jalabinduḥ yathā lolaḥ
padminīpatrasaṃsthitaḥ evam eva
api asaṃsaktaḥ puruṣaḥ syāt na saṃśayaḥ

12. api sarvaiḥ guṇaiḥ vyatiṣaktaḥ vidvān na lipyate; yathā lolaḥ jalabinduḥ padminīpatrasaṃsthitaḥ (asti),
evam eva api asaṃsaktaḥ puruṣaḥ syāt; na saṃśayaḥ (asti)

12. Even though a wise person is associated with all the qualities (guṇas), they are not stained. Just as a free-moving drop of water rests on a lotus leaf, so too, without a doubt, the individual consciousness (puruṣa) remains unattached.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by the qualities (guṇas) of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas) (by the qualities, by the constituents (sattva, rajas, tamas))

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - the wise person, knower, learned one

• व्यतिषक्तः (vyatiṣaktaḥ) - connected, associated, mixed up with, engaged with

• न (na) - not, no

• लिप्यते (lipyate) - is smeared, is tainted, is attached, clings to

• जलबिन्दुः (jalabinduḥ) - a drop of water

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• लोलः (lolaḥ) - free-moving (not clinging) (moving, trembling, fickle, unsteady, free-moving)

• पद्मिनीपत्रसंस्थितः (padminīpatrasaṁsthitaḥ) - standing on a lotus leaf, situated on a lotus leaf

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

• अपि (api) - also, even

• असंसक्तः (asaṁsaktaḥ) - unattached, not clinging, disengaged

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the individual consciousness (puruṣa) (person, human being, individual consciousness, supreme cosmic person)

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• न (na) - not, no

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to 'guṇaiḥ'.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'sarvaiḥ guṇaiḥ'.

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by the qualities (guṇas) of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas) (by the qualities, by the constituents (sattva, rajas, tamas))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent (sattva, rajas, tamas), strand, string

विद्वान् (vidvān) - the wise person, knower, learned one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - wise, learned, knowing

Present Active Participle

From √vid (to know) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'na lipyate'.

व्यतिषक्तः (vyatiṣaktaḥ) - connected, associated, mixed up with, engaged with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatiṣakta

vyatiṣakta - connected, associated, mixed up with

Past Passive Participle

From √sañj (to cling) with upasargas vi- and ati-.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: sañj (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'vidvān'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'lipyate'.

लिप्यते (lipyate) - is smeared, is tainted, is attached, clings to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lip

Passive voice present tense, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada

From root √lip (to smear/cling), passive stem lipya-.

Root: lip (class 6)

जलबिन्दुः (jalabinduḥ) - a drop of water

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jalabindu

jalabindu - a drop of water

Compound type : tatpurusha (jala+bindu)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• bindu – drop, dot, particle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative adverb.

लोलः (lolaḥ) - free-moving (not clinging) (moving, trembling, fickle, unsteady, free-moving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lola

lola - moving, shaking, trembling, fickle, unsteady, agitated

From √lul (to shake, move to and fro).

Root: lul

Note: Modifies `jalabinduḥ`.

पद्मिनीपत्रसंस्थितः (padminīpatrasaṁsthitaḥ) - standing on a lotus leaf, situated on a lotus leaf

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padminīpatrasaṃsthita

padminīpatrasaṁsthita - standing on a lotus leaf, situated on a lotus leaf

Compound of padminīpatra (lotus leaf) and saṃsthita (PPP of saṃ-√sthā).

Compound type : tatpurusha (padminī+patra+saṃsthita)

• padminī – lotus plant, water-lily
  noun (feminine)
• patra – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)
• saṃsthita – placed, situated, standing, established
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √sthā (to stand) with upasarga saṃ-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies `jalabinduḥ`.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic adverb.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the similarity.

असंसक्तः (asaṁsaktaḥ) - unattached, not clinging, disengaged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asaṃsakta

asaṁsakta - unattached, not clinging, disengaged

Negative compound (na + saṃsakta). Saṃsakta is PPP of saṃ-√sañj (to cling).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+saṃsakta)

• na – not
  indeclinable
• saṃsakta – attached, clinging, connected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √sañj (to cling) with upasarga saṃ-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sañj (class 7)

Note: Modifies `puruṣaḥ`.

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the individual consciousness (puruṣa) (person, human being, individual consciousness, supreme cosmic person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, human being, spirit, soul, the supreme cosmic person, individual consciousness

Note: Subject of 'syāt'.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

From root √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Connects 'puruṣaḥ' with 'asaṃsaktaḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

From saṃ-√śī (to doubt).

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)