महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-49, verse-13

द्रव्यमात्रमभूत्सत्त्वं पुरुषस्येति निश्चयः ।
यथा द्रव्यं च कर्ता च संयोगोऽप्यनयोस्तथा ॥१३॥

13. dravyamātramabhūtsattvaṁ puruṣasyeti niścayaḥ ,
yathā dravyaṁ ca kartā ca saṁyogo'pyanayostathā.

13. dravyamātram abhūt sattvam puruṣasya iti niścayaḥ
yathā dravyam ca kartā ca saṃyogaḥ api anayoḥ tathā

13. iti niścayaḥ (asti yat) sattvam puruṣasya dravyamātram abhūt.
yathā dravyam ca kartā ca (sthaḥ),
anayoḥ saṃyogaḥ api tathā (asti).

13. It is the firm conclusion that the principle of goodness (sattva) was merely a constituent for the individual consciousness (puruṣa). Just as there is a substance and an agent, so too is the conjunction between them.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रव्यमात्रम् (dravyamātram) - merely a constituent principle (merely a substance, just matter, only a constituent)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was, came into being, became

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the principle of goodness (sattva) (existence, reality, essence, purity, goodness, the quality of sattva, mental principle)

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - for the individual consciousness (puruṣa) (of the person, of the individual consciousness, of the supreme cosmic person)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, this (marks direct speech or conclusion)

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty, determination, firm conclusion

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - substance, matter, thing

• च (ca) - and

• कर्ता (kartā) - doer, agent, maker

• च (ca) - and

• संयोगः (saṁyogaḥ) - conjunction, union, contact, connection

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अनयोः (anayoḥ) - of the substance and the agent (of these two)

• तथा (tathā) - so, in the same way, thus

Words meanings and morphology

द्रव्यमात्रम् (dravyamātram) - merely a constituent principle (merely a substance, just matter, only a constituent)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dravyamātra

dravyamātra - merely a substance, just matter, only a constituent

Compound of dravya and mātra.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dravya+mātra)

• dravya – substance, matter, thing, wealth
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dru
• mātra – only, merely, just, measure, quantity
  indeclinable
  Suffix -mātra when appended to a noun means 'only', 'mere'.

Note: Predicate nominative to 'sattvam'.

अभूत् (abhūt) - was, came into being, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist tense, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

From root √bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the first clause.

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the principle of goodness (sattva) (existence, reality, essence, purity, goodness, the quality of sattva, mental principle)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - being, existence, essence, reality, mind, spirit, purity, goodness, the quality of sattva (one of the three guṇas)

From `sat` (being) + `tva` (suffix forming abstract nouns).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'abhūt'.

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - for the individual consciousness (puruṣa) (of the person, of the individual consciousness, of the supreme cosmic person)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, human being, spirit, soul, the supreme cosmic person, individual consciousness

Note: Indicates relation to 'sattvam' and 'dravyamātram'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, this (marks direct speech or conclusion)

(indeclinable)

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty, determination, firm conclusion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - certainty, determination, firm conclusion, ascertainment

From ni-√ci (to ascertain, determine).

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: The subject of the implied verb 'is'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative adverb.

द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - substance, matter, thing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dravya

dravya - substance, matter, thing, wealth, material

From √dru (to run, flow) + ya (suffix).

Root: dru

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'dravyam' and 'kartā'.

कर्ता (kartā) - doer, agent, maker

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, agent, maker, creator

Agent noun from √kṛ (to do, make) + tṛc (agent suffix).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

संयोगः (saṁyogaḥ) - conjunction, union, contact, connection

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃyoga

saṁyoga - conjunction, union, contact, connection, combination

From saṃ-√yuj (to join, connect) + ghañ (noun suffix).

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अनयोः (anayoḥ) - of the substance and the agent (of these two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to 'dravyam' and 'kartā'.

तथा (tathā) - so, in the same way, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative adverb.