महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-129, verse-46

तेषामग्निपरिष्यन्दः पितृदेवार्चनं तथा ।
यज्ञानां चापि पञ्चानां यजनं धर्म उच्यते ॥४६॥

46. teṣāmagnipariṣyandaḥ pitṛdevārcanaṁ tathā ,
yajñānāṁ cāpi pañcānāṁ yajanaṁ dharma ucyate.

46. teṣām agnipariṣyandaḥ pitṛdevārcanam tathā
yajñānām ca api pañcānām yajanam dharmaḥ ucyate

46. teṣām agnipariṣyandaḥ tathā pitṛdevārcanam ca
api pañcānām yajñānām yajanam dharmaḥ ucyate

46. For them, the offering to Agni (fire god), and similarly, the worship of ancestors and gods, and also the performance of the five great Vedic rituals (yajña) is declared to be their natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (referring to the people described in previous verses) (of them, for them)

• अग्निपरिष्यन्दः (agnipariṣyandaḥ) - the offering to Agni (fire god) (pouring out for fire, libation to Agni)

• पितृदेवार्चनम् (pitṛdevārcanam) - the worship of ancestors and gods (worship of ancestors and gods)

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, similarly, also)

• यज्ञानाम् (yajñānām) - of the (great) Vedic rituals (yajña) (of the Vedic rituals, sacrifices)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five (great) (of the five)

• यजनम् (yajanam) - the performance of Vedic ritual (yajña) (performance of a Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - their natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared to be (is said, is called, is declared)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (referring to the people described in previous verses) (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the groups of ascetics and virtuous individuals mentioned in the preceding verses.

अग्निपरिष्यन्दः (agnipariṣyandaḥ) - the offering to Agni (fire god) (pouring out for fire, libation to Agni)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agnipariṣyanda

agnipariṣyanda - flowing of fire, libation for fire

Compound type : tatpurusha (agni+pariṣyanda)

• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ag
• pariṣyanda – flowing forth, outpouring, exudation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root syand (to flow) with prefix pari
  Prefix: pari
  Root: syand (class 1)

Note: Refers to an offering made into the sacred fire.

पितृदेवार्चनम् (pitṛdevārcanam) - the worship of ancestors and gods (worship of ancestors and gods)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pitṛdevārcana

pitṛdevārcana - worship of ancestors and gods

Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+deva+arcana)

• pitṛ – ancestor, father
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• arcana – worship, adoration, homage
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root arc (to worship)
  Root: arc (class 1)

Note: Refers to rituals performed for both ancestors and deities.

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (thus, so, similarly, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'agnipariṣyandaḥ' and 'pitṛdevārcanam'.

यज्ञानाम् (yajñānām) - of the (great) Vedic rituals (yajña) (of the Vedic rituals, sacrifices)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the five great daily rituals.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'agnipariṣyandaḥ' and 'pitṛdevārcanam' with 'yajñānām yajanam'.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the inclusion of the five rituals.

पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five (great) (of the five)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the five great daily rituals (Pañca Mahāyajñas).

यजनम् (yajanam) - the performance of Vedic ritual (yajña) (performance of a Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yajanam

yajanam - performing a Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice

Derived from root yaj (to worship, offer)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Acts as the subject of the passive verb 'ucyate'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - their natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared to be (is said, is called, is declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)