महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-129, verse-31

उमोवाच ।
गार्हस्थ्यो मोक्षधर्मश्च सज्जनाचरितस्त्वया ।
भाषितो मर्त्यलोकस्य मार्गः श्रेयस्करो महान् ॥३१॥

31. umovāca ,
gārhasthyo mokṣadharmaśca sajjanācaritastvayā ,
bhāṣito martyalokasya mārgaḥ śreyaskaro mahān.

31. umā uvāca gārhasthyaḥ mokṣadharmaḥ ca sajjanācaritaḥ
tvayā bhāṣitaḥ martyalokasya mārgaḥ śreyaskaraḥ mahān

31. umā uvāca tvayā sajjanācaritaḥ gārhasthyaḥ mokṣadharmaḥ
ca martyalokasya mahān śreyaskaraḥ mārgaḥ bhāṣitaḥ

31. Umā said: "The intrinsic nature (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa) for householders, as practiced by virtuous people, has been expounded by you as a great and beneficial path for the mortal world."

Words meanings summery:

• उमा (umā) - Umā (a name of Pārvatī)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• गार्हस्थ्यः (gārhasthyaḥ) - the state of being a householder, domestic life (adjective here, describing the dharma)

• मोक्षधर्मः (mokṣadharmaḥ) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa), the path/duty leading to liberation

• च (ca) - and

• सज्जनाचरितः (sajjanācaritaḥ) - practiced/followed by good people, virtuous people

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• भाषितः (bhāṣitaḥ) - expounded, spoken, told

• मर्त्यलोकस्य (martyalokasya) - of the mortal world, of the human realm

• मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path, way, road

• श्रेयस्करः (śreyaskaraḥ) - beneficial, leading to welfare, auspicious

• महान् (mahān) - great, vast, important

Words meanings and morphology

उमा (umā) - Umā (a name of Pārvatī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of umā

umā - Umā, a name of Pārvatī

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

गार्हस्थ्यः (gārhasthyaḥ) - the state of being a householder, domestic life (adjective here, describing the dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gārhasthya

gārhasthya - relating to a householder, householdership

मोक्षधर्मः (mokṣadharmaḥ) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa), the path/duty leading to liberation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣadharma

mokṣadharma - duty or principle leading to liberation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+dharma)

• mokṣa – liberation, emancipation, freedom
  noun (masculine)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सज्जनाचरितः (sajjanācaritaḥ) - practiced/followed by good people, virtuous people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sajjanācarita

sajjanācarita - practiced or observed by good/virtuous people

Past Passive Participle-like formation

Derived from sajjana + ācarita

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sajjana+ācarita)

• sajjana – good person, virtuous person
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of sat (good) + jana (person)
• ācarita – practiced, observed, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

भाषितः (bhāṣitaḥ) - expounded, spoken, told

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, expounded

Past Passive Participle

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

मर्त्यलोकस्य (martyalokasya) - of the mortal world, of the human realm

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of martyaloka

martyaloka - mortal world, human realm

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (martya+loka)

• martya – mortal, human
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path, way, road

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road, course

Root: mṛj (class 2)

श्रेयस्करः (śreyaskaraḥ) - beneficial, leading to welfare, auspicious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreyaskara

śreyaskara - causing good, beneficial, auspicious

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (śreyas+kara)

• śreyas – welfare, good, excellence, bliss
  noun (neuter)
• kara – making, causing, doing
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

महान् (mahān) - great, vast, important

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, eminent