महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-129, verse-1

उमोवाच ।
उक्तास्त्वया पृथग्धर्माश्चातुर्वर्ण्यहिताः शुभाः ।
सर्वव्यापी तु यो धर्मो भगवंस्तं ब्रवीहि मे ॥१॥

1. umovāca ,
uktāstvayā pṛthagdharmāścāturvarṇyahitāḥ śubhāḥ ,
sarvavyāpī tu yo dharmo bhagavaṁstaṁ bravīhi me.

1. umā uvāca uktāḥ tvayā pṛthak dharmāḥ cāturvarṇyahitāḥ
śubhāḥ sarvavyāpī tu yaḥ dharmaḥ bhagavan tam bravīhi me

1. umā uvāca.
tvayā pṛthak cāturvarṇyahitāḥ śubhāḥ dharmāḥ uktāḥ.
tu bhagavan,
yaḥ sarvavyāpī dharmaḥ,
tam me bravīhi.

1. Umā said: "The auspicious and distinct natural laws (dharma) beneficial to the four social classes have been declared by you. But, O Revered One (bhagavan), tell me about that natural law (dharma) which is all-pervasive."

Words meanings summery:

• उमा (umā) - Umā (name of goddess Pārvatī)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - spoken, declared

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separate, distinct

• धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - natural laws, duties

• चातुर्वर्ण्यहिताः (cāturvarṇyahitāḥ) - beneficial to the four social classes

• शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious, good

• सर्वव्यापी (sarvavyāpī) - all-pervading, omnipresent

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Revered One, O Lord

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine accusative)

• ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell, speak

• मे (me) - to me, my

Words meanings and morphology

उमा (umā) - Umā (name of goddess Pārvatī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of umā

umā - name of goddess Pārvatī

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - spoken, declared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Root: vac (class 2)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvad

tvad - you

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separate, distinct

(indeclinable)

धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - natural laws, duties

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

चातुर्वर्ण्यहिताः (cāturvarṇyahitāḥ) - beneficial to the four social classes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cāturvarṇyahita

cāturvarṇyahita - beneficial to the four social classes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cāturvarṇya+hita)

• cāturvarṇya – the system of four social classes
  noun (neuter)
• hita – beneficial, good, suitable
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: dhā (class 3)

शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious, good

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful

सर्वव्यापी (sarvavyāpī) - all-pervading, omnipresent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvavyāpin

sarvavyāpin - all-pervading, omnipresent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+vyāpin)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun/adjective
• vyāpin – pervading, extensive, comprehensive
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: āp (class 5)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Revered One, O Lord

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - illustrious, divine, adorable, lord

तम् (tam) - that (masculine accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

मे (me) - to me, my

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me