महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-37, verse-28

यथा प्रव्रजितो भिक्षुर्गृहस्थः स्वगृहे वसेत् ।
एवंवृत्तः प्रियैर्दारैः संवसन्धर्ममाप्नुयात् ॥२८॥

28. yathā pravrajito bhikṣurgṛhasthaḥ svagṛhe vaset ,
evaṁvṛttaḥ priyairdāraiḥ saṁvasandharmamāpnuyāt.

28. yathā pravrajitaḥ bhikṣuḥ gṛhasthaḥ svagṛhe vaset
evamvṛttaḥ priyaiḥ dāraiḥ saṃvasan dharmam āpnuyāt

28. yathā pravrajitaḥ bhikṣuḥ (jīvati),
(tathā) gṛhasthaḥ svagṛhe vaset.
evamvṛttaḥ priyaiḥ dāraiḥ saṃvasan dharmam āpnuyāt

28. Just as a renunciate (pravrajita) or a mendicant (bhikṣu) lives, a householder should similarly reside in his own home. Conducting himself in this manner, living with his beloved wives, he will attain his natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• प्रव्रजितः (pravrajitaḥ) - one who has gone forth, renunciate, ascetic

• भिक्षुः (bhikṣuḥ) - mendicant, beggar, renunciate

• गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - householder

• स्वगृहे (svagṛhe) - in his own house/home

• वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell, may dwell

• एवम्वृत्तः (evamvṛttaḥ) - whose conduct is thus, acting in this manner

• प्रियैः (priyaiḥ) - with dear ones, beloved

• दारैः (dāraiḥ) - with wives

• संवसन् (saṁvasan) - dwelling together, living with

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, duty, righteousness

• आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - may attain, should attain, will attain

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

From ya (which) + thā (suffix for manner).

प्रव्रजितः (pravrajitaḥ) - one who has gone forth, renunciate, ascetic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravrajita

pravrajita - gone forth, renounced, an ascetic

Past Passive Participle

Formed from pra- (forth) + root vraj (to go).

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun here.

भिक्षुः (bhikṣuḥ) - mendicant, beggar, renunciate

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhikṣu

bhikṣu - mendicant, beggar, Buddhist monk, renunciate

From root bhikṣ (to beg).

Root: bhikṣ (class 1)

Note: Co-refers with pravrajitaḥ.

गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - householder

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhastha

gṛhastha - householder, one who dwells in a house

Compound of gṛha (house) and stha (standing, abiding).

Compound type : tatpurusha (gṛha+stha)

• gṛha – house, home
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gṛh (class 9)
• stha – standing, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

स्वगृहे (svagṛhe) - in his own house/home

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of svagṛha

svagṛha - one's own house, own home

Tatpurusha compound of sva (own) and gṛha (house).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+gṛha)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• gṛha – house, home
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gṛh (class 9)

Note: Indicates location.

वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell, may dwell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vas

Optative Active

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vas (class 1)

एवम्वृत्तः (evamvṛttaḥ) - whose conduct is thus, acting in this manner

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of evamvṛtta

evamvṛtta - one whose conduct is such, behaving in this way

Bahuvrihi compound: 'he whose conduct (vṛtta) is thus (evam)'. Evam is an indeclinable, vṛtta is a PPP from vṛt (to be, exist, behave).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (evam+vṛtta)

• evam – thus, in this manner, so
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, happened
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛt (to turn, be, exist).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gṛhasthaḥ' (implied subject).

प्रियैः (priyaiḥ) - with dear ones, beloved

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing

Root: prī (class 4)

दारैः (dāraiḥ) - with wives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dāra

dāra - wife, consort

Masculine noun, often used in plural form to denote 'wife' even in singular contexts.

Root: dṝ (class 9)

Note: Accompaniment.

संवसन् (saṁvasan) - dwelling together, living with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvasat

saṁvas - to dwell together, live with, cohabit

Present Active Participle

From saṃ- (together) + root vas (to dwell). Present participle, masculine, singular, nominative.

Prefix: sam

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially, or as an adjective qualifying the implied 'gṛhasthaḥ'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

From root dhṛ (to hold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āpnuyāt'.

आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - may attain, should attain, will attain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of āp

Optative Active

From ā- (towards) + root āp (to obtain). Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Main verb of the concluding clause.