महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-37, verse-10

अप्रवृत्तेरमर्त्यत्वं मर्त्यत्वं कर्मणः फलम् ।
अशुभस्याशुभं विद्याच्छुभस्य शुभमेव च ॥१०॥

10. apravṛtteramartyatvaṁ martyatvaṁ karmaṇaḥ phalam ,
aśubhasyāśubhaṁ vidyācchubhasya śubhameva ca.

10. apravṛtteḥ amartyatvam martyatvam karmaṇaḥ phalam
aśubhasya aśubham vidyāt śubhasya śubham eva ca

10. apravṛtteḥ amartyatvam (asti),
karmaṇaḥ (tu) martyatvam phalam (asti) aśubhasya aśubham (ca) śubhasya ca śubham eva (tu) vidyāt

10. Immortality results from non-action, while mortality is the fruit of action (karma). One should understand that inauspicious outcomes stem from inauspicious deeds, and auspicious outcomes from auspicious ones.

Words meanings summery:

• अप्रवृत्तेः (apravṛtteḥ) - as a consequence of abstaining from action (from non-action, from non-inclination)

• अमर्त्यत्वम् (amartyatvam) - the state of being immortal (immortality, deathlessness)

• मर्त्यत्वम् (martyatvam) - the state of being subject to death (mortality, state of being mortal)

• कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - referring to the effects of one's deeds (karma) (of action, of karma)

• फलम् (phalam) - the outcome or effect of an action (karma) (fruit, result, consequence)

• अशुभस्य (aśubhasya) - of an inauspicious or negative deed (of the inauspicious, of the bad)

• अशुभम् (aśubham) - an inauspicious outcome (inauspicious, bad, misfortune)

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - imperative for understanding the karmic principle (one should know, one should understand)

• शुभस्य (śubhasya) - of an auspicious or positive deed (of the auspicious, of the good)

• शुभम् (śubham) - an auspicious outcome (auspicious, good, good fortune)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes that only good comes from good (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• च (ca) - connects the two parts of the sentence (bad from bad, good from good) (and)

Words meanings and morphology

अप्रवृत्तेः (apravṛtteḥ) - as a consequence of abstaining from action (from non-action, from non-inclination)

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of apravṛtti

apravṛtti - non-activity, non-inclination, cessation, abstention from action

'a-' (negation) + 'pravṛtti' (activity)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pravṛtti)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• pravṛtti – activity, action, inclination, manifestation
  noun (feminine)
  From 'pra-' + root 'vṛt' (to turn, to exist) + suffix '-ti'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Expresses source or cause.

अमर्त्यत्वम् (amartyatvam) - the state of being immortal (immortality, deathlessness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amartyatva

amartyatva - immortality, deathlessness

'a-' (negation) + 'martya' (mortal) + suffix '-tva' (abstract noun)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+martyatva)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• martyatva – mortality, state of being mortal
  noun (neuter)
  From 'martya' (mortal) + suffix '-tva'
  Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject/predicate nominative.

मर्त्यत्वम् (martyatvam) - the state of being subject to death (mortality, state of being mortal)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of martyatva

martyatva - mortality, state of being mortal

From 'martya' (mortal) + suffix '-tva' (abstract noun)

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject/predicate nominative.

कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - referring to the effects of one's deeds (karma) (of action, of karma)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, result of actions (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) + suffix '-man'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Possessive, 'fruit of action'.

फलम् (phalam) - the outcome or effect of an action (karma) (fruit, result, consequence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, advantage

From root 'phal' (to bear fruit)

Root: phal (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

अशुभस्य (aśubhasya) - of an inauspicious or negative deed (of the inauspicious, of the bad)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, bad, evil, unlucky; misfortune

'a-' (negation) + 'śubha' (auspicious)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śubha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śubha – auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious; good fortune
  adjective (neuter)
  From root 'śubh' (to shine)
  Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Refers to "of a bad thing/deed".

अशुभम् (aśubham) - an inauspicious outcome (inauspicious, bad, misfortune)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, bad, evil, unlucky; misfortune

'a-' (negation) + 'śubha' (auspicious)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śubha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śubha – auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious; good fortune
  adjective (neuter)
  From root 'śubh' (to shine)
  Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Predicate or direct object of `vidyāt`.

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - imperative for understanding the karmic principle (one should know, one should understand)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vid

Optative Mood

From root 'vid' (to know), 3rd person singular active optative

Root: vid (class 2)

शुभस्य (śubhasya) - of an auspicious or positive deed (of the auspicious, of the good)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious; good fortune

From root 'śubh' (to shine)

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Refers to "of a good thing/deed".

शुभम् (śubham) - an auspicious outcome (auspicious, good, good fortune)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious; good fortune

From root 'śubh' (to shine)

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Predicate or direct object of `vidyāt`.

एव (eva) - emphasizes that only good comes from good (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Particle

च (ca) - connects the two parts of the sentence (bad from bad, good from good) (and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction