महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-37, verse-25

पिष्टमांसेक्षुशाकानां विकाराः पयसस्तथा ।
सक्तुधानाकरम्भाश्च नोपभोज्याश्चिरस्थिताः ॥२५॥

25. piṣṭamāṁsekṣuśākānāṁ vikārāḥ payasastathā ,
saktudhānākarambhāśca nopabhojyāścirasthitāḥ.

25. piṣṭamāṃsekṣuśākānām vikārāḥ payasaḥ tathā
saktudhānākarambhāḥ ca na upabhojyāḥ cirasthitāḥ

25. tathā piṣṭamāṃsekṣuśākānām payasaḥ vikārāḥ ca
saktudhānākarambhāḥ cirasthitāḥ na upabhojyāḥ

25. Also, preparations (vikāra) from flour, meat, sugarcane, and vegetables, as well as milk products, and also flour (saktu), parched grain (dhānā), and karambha, are not to be consumed (upabhojya) if they have been kept for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• पिष्टमांसेक्षुशाकानाम् (piṣṭamāṁsekṣuśākānām) - of flour, meat, sugarcane, and vegetables

• विकाराः (vikārāḥ) - food preparations or products derived from the listed ingredients (transformations, modifications, products, preparations)

• पयसः (payasaḥ) - of milk (of milk, of water)

• तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, in that way, and, also)

• सक्तुधानाकरम्भाः (saktudhānākarambhāḥ) - flour, parched grain, and karambha (a kind of meal)

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• उपभोज्याः (upabhojyāḥ) - fit for consumption (to be eaten, fit for consumption)

• चिरस्थिताः (cirasthitāḥ) - food that has been kept for a long time (remaining for a long time, old, long-standing)

Words meanings and morphology

पिष्टमांसेक्षुशाकानाम् (piṣṭamāṁsekṣuśākānām) - of flour, meat, sugarcane, and vegetables

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of piṣṭamāṃsekṣuśāka

piṣṭamāṁsekṣuśāka - flour, meat, sugarcane, and vegetables (as a group)

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (piṣṭa+māṃsa+ikṣu+śāka)

• piṣṭa – ground, crushed; flour, meal
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root piṣ (to grind)
  Root: piṣ (class 7)
• māṃsa – meat, flesh
  noun (neuter)
• ikṣu – sugarcane
  noun (masculine)
• śāka – vegetable, herb, pot-herb
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the source ingredients for 'vikārāḥ'.

विकाराः (vikārāḥ) - food preparations or products derived from the listed ingredients (transformations, modifications, products, preparations)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikāra

vikāra - change, alteration, modification, product, preparation

Derived from root kṛ (to make) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पयसः (payasaḥ) - of milk (of milk, of water)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of payas

payas - milk, water, juice

Note: Refers to the source ingredient for 'vikārāḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - also (thus, so, in that way, and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'payasaḥ' to the previous list of ingredients.

सक्तुधानाकरम्भाः (saktudhānākarambhāḥ) - flour, parched grain, and karambha (a kind of meal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saktudhānākarambha

saktudhānākarambha - a collective term for saktu, dhānā, and karambha

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (saktu+dhānā+karambha)

• saktu – flour, meal (especially of barley)
  noun (masculine)
• dhānā – parched grain, fried barley
  noun (feminine)
• karambha – a kind of meal, a mixture of flour, curds, ghee, etc.
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the following 'upabhojyāḥ'.

उपभोज्याः (upabhojyāḥ) - fit for consumption (to be eaten, fit for consumption)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upabhojya

upabhojya - to be enjoyed, to be used, fit to be eaten

Gerundive

Derived from root bhuj (to eat, enjoy) with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: bhuj (class 7)

चिरस्थिताः (cirasthitāḥ) - food that has been kept for a long time (remaining for a long time, old, long-standing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cirasthita

cirasthita - remaining for a long time, long-standing, old

Tatpurusha compound of cira (long time) and sthita (PPP of sthā, remained)

Compound type : tatpurusha (cira+sthita)

• cira – long time, ancient
  indeclinable
• sthita – stood, remained, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sthā (to stand, stay)
  Root: sthā (class 1)