महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-30, verse-18

तपसा चेङ्गितेनाथ पर्वतोऽथ बुबोध तत् ।
कामार्तं नारदं क्रुद्धः शशापैनं ततो भृशम् ॥१८॥

18. tapasā ceṅgitenātha parvato'tha bubodha tat ,
kāmārtaṁ nāradaṁ kruddhaḥ śaśāpainaṁ tato bhṛśam.

18. tapasā ca iṅgitena atha parvataḥ atha bubodha tat
kāmārtam nāradam kruddhaḥ śaśāpa enam tataḥ bhṛśam

18. atha parvataḥ tapasā ca iṅgitena tat bubodha kruddhaḥ
saḥ tataḥ kāmārtam enam nāradam bhṛśam śaśāpa

18. Then, by virtue of his ascetic practice (tapas) and the indication, the mountain understood that. Enraged, he then severely cursed Nārada, who was afflicted by desire (kāma).

Words meanings summery:

• तपसा (tapasā) - by the ascetic practice (tapas) (by austerity, by ascetic practice)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इङ्गितेन (iṅgitena) - by the indication (by gesture, by indication, by hint)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - the mountain (mountain, hill)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• बुबोध (bubodha) - understood (understood, knew, perceived)

• तत् (tat) - that (matter/situation) (that, it)

• कामार्तम् (kāmārtam) - afflicted by desire (kāma) (afflicted by desire, tormented by lust)

• नारदम् (nāradam) - Nārada (Nārada (a divine sage))

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

• शशाप (śaśāpa) - cursed

• एनम् (enam) - him (Nārada) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, therefore)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - severely (greatly, severely, intensely)

Words meanings and morphology

तपसा (tapasā) - by the ascetic practice (tapas) (by austerity, by ascetic practice)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - ascetic practice, religious penance, austerity, spiritual fervor, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

इङ्गितेन (iṅgitena) - by the indication (by gesture, by indication, by hint)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of iṅgita

iṅgita - gesture, sign, indication, hint, movement

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root iṅg 'to move, stir, hint'. iṅgita is formed as a past passive participle used as a noun.

Root: iṅg (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - the mountain (mountain, hill)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill, rock

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

बुबोध (bubodha) - understood (understood, knew, perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (ḷiṭ) of budh

perfect active

ḷiṭ (perfect tense) form of root budh.

Root: budh (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (matter/situation) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

कामार्तम् (kāmārtam) - afflicted by desire (kāma) (afflicted by desire, tormented by lust)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmārta

kāmārta - tormented by love/desire, love-sick, afflicted by desire

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+ārta)

• kāma – desire, love, lust
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ṛ 'to go' with prefix ā + ta suffix, meaning 'distressed, afflicted'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies Nārada.

नारदम् (nāradam) - Nārada (Nārada (a divine sage))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (name of a divine sage, son of Brahmā, known as a cosmic messenger and musician)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh 'to be angry'.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Refers to the mountain (parvataḥ).

शशाप (śaśāpa) - cursed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (ḷiṭ) of śap

perfect active

ḷiṭ (perfect tense) form of root śap.

Root: śap (class 1)

एनम् (enam) - him (Nārada) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that (pronominal stem, often used in enclitic forms)

Note: Refers to Nārada.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem tad.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - severely (greatly, severely, intensely)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular of bhṛśa, used adverbially.

Root: bhṛś

Note: Adverbial usage.