महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-293, verse-42

यत्तद्बुद्धेः परं प्राहुः सांख्या योगाश्च सर्वशः ।
बुध्यमानं महाप्राज्ञमबुद्धपरिवर्जनात् ॥४२॥

42. yattadbuddheḥ paraṁ prāhuḥ sāṁkhyā yogāśca sarvaśaḥ ,
budhyamānaṁ mahāprājñamabuddhaparivarjanāt.

42. yat tat buddheḥ param prāhuḥ sāṅkhyāḥ yogāḥ ca
sarvaśaḥ budhyamānam mahāprājñam abuddha-parivarjanāt

42. yat tat sāṅkhyāḥ ca yogāḥ sarvaśaḥ buddheḥ param prāhuḥ
tat mahāprājñam budhyamānam abuddha-parivarjanāt

42. What the Sāṅkhya philosophers and practitioners of Yoga (yoga) universally declare to be higher than the intellect (buddhi) – that supremely wise Self (ātman) is understood through the exclusion of all that is non-intelligent or unawakened.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that which

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• बुद्धेः (buddheḥ) - than the intellect, of the intellect, from the intellect

• परम् (param) - higher, supreme, superior

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they say, they speak

• साङ्ख्याः (sāṅkhyāḥ) - the Sāṅkhya philosophers, followers of Sāṅkhya

• योगाः (yogāḥ) - the Yogins, practitioners of Yoga, followers of Yoga

• च (ca) - and

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in all respects, completely, universally

• बुध्यमानम् (budhyamānam) - being understood, being perceived, that which is understood

• महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - the supremely wise Self (ātman) (the supremely wise one, the great wise entity)

• अबुद्ध-परिवर्जनात् (abuddha-parivarjanāt) - by the exclusion of the non-intelligent, from avoiding the unawakened

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - which, what, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Pronominal stem.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Pronominal stem.

बुद्धेः (buddheḥ) - than the intellect, of the intellect, from the intellect

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, reason, perception, consciousness

Derived from root budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Used in the sense of 'than the intellect' when followed by param.

परम् (param) - higher, supreme, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, subsequent, distant, highest, supreme

Superlative form of para.

Note: Predicative usage: 'is higher'.

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare, they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (perfect in form) (liṭ) of ah

perfect active

Third person plural perfect active indicative (irregular, often used as present), with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Used idiomatically as a present tense verb.

साङ्ख्याः (sāṅkhyāḥ) - the Sāṅkhya philosophers, followers of Sāṅkhya

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāṅkhya

sāṅkhya - relating to number, enumerative, a system of philosophy (Sāṅkhya)

Derived from saṃkhyā (number, enumeration).

योगाः (yogāḥ) - the Yogins, practitioners of Yoga, followers of Yoga

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yoga

yoga - union, conjunction, application, effort, a system of philosophy (Yoga)

Derived from root yuj (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in all respects, completely, universally

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -śas from sarva.

बुध्यमानम् (budhyamānam) - being understood, being perceived, that which is understood

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of budhyamāna

budhyamāna - being understood, being awakened, being enlightened

present passive participle

Present passive participle from root budh.

Root: budh (class 1)

महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - the supremely wise Self (ātman) (the supremely wise one, the great wise entity)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, supremely intelligent, omniscient

Compound of mahā (great) and prājña (wise).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from prajñā (wisdom).
  Prefix: pra

अबुद्ध-परिवर्जनात् (abuddha-parivarjanāt) - by the exclusion of the non-intelligent, from avoiding the unawakened

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of abuddha-parivarjana

abuddha-parivarjana - exclusion of the non-intelligent or unawakened

Compound of abuddha and parivarjana (exclusion).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abuddha+parivarjana)

• abuddha – non-intelligent, ignorant, unawakened
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Negation 'a' with past passive participle of budh.
  Prefix: a
  Root: budh (class 1)
• parivarjana – abandoning, shunning, exclusion, avoidance
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root vṛj with prefix pari-.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: vṛj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the process of discerning the Self by negating what it is not.