महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-293, verse-23

धार्यते हि त्वया ग्रन्थ उभयोर्वेदशास्त्रयोः ।
न तु ग्रन्थस्य तत्त्वज्ञो यथावत्त्वं नरेश्वर ॥२३॥

23. dhāryate hi tvayā grantha ubhayorvedaśāstrayoḥ ,
na tu granthasya tattvajño yathāvattvaṁ nareśvara.

23. dhāryate hi tvayā granthaḥ ubhayoḥ vedaśāstrayoḥ na
tu granthasya tattvajñaḥ yathāvat-tvam nareśvara

23. nareśvara tvayā hi ubhayoḥ vedaśāstrayoḥ granthaḥ
dhāryate tu granthasya tattvajñaḥ yathāvat-tvam na

23. O lord of men (nareśvara), you certainly memorize the texts (grantha) of both the Vedas and the scriptures, but you are not a knower of the essence of those texts, nor of their true reality.

Words meanings summery:

• धार्यते (dhāryate) - is memorized (is held, is borne, is supported, is memorized)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, because)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• ग्रन्थः (granthaḥ) - text (grantha) (text, book, composition, knot)

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

• वेदशास्त्रयोः (vedaśāstrayoḥ) - of the Vedas and the scriptures (of the Vedas and (other) scriptures)

• न (na) - not

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

• ग्रन्थस्य (granthasya) - of the text (of the text, of the book)

• तत्त्वज्ञः (tattvajñaḥ) - knower of the essence (knower of the truth, knower of the essence)

• यथावत्-त्वम् (yathāvat-tvam) - the proper reality (the true nature, the actual state, the proper reality)

• नरेश्वर (nareśvara) - O lord of men (nareśvara) (O lord of men, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

धार्यते (dhāryate) - is memorized (is held, is borne, is supported, is memorized)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of dhā

Present Middle Passive

3rd person singular, present indicative, middle voice, passive mood (stem dhārya-)

Root: dhā (class 3)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

particle

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

ग्रन्थः (granthaḥ) - text (grantha) (text, book, composition, knot)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grantha

grantha - text, book, composition, knot

Derived from root granth (to tie, compose)

Root: granth (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'dhāryate'

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

(adjective)

Genitive, dual of ubhaya

ubhaya - both

Note: Adjective modifying 'vedaśāstrayoḥ'

वेदशास्त्रयोः (vedaśāstrayoḥ) - of the Vedas and the scriptures (of the Vedas and (other) scriptures)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of vedaśāstra

vedaśāstra - the Vedas and the scriptures

Compound noun

Compound type : dvandva (veda+śāstra)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• śāstra – scripture, treatise, rule, science
  noun (neuter)
  From root śās (to teach, instruct)
  Root: śās (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

particle

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

particle

ग्रन्थस्य (granthasya) - of the text (of the text, of the book)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of grantha

grantha - text, book, composition, knot

Derived from root granth (to tie, compose)

Root: granth (class 1)

Note: Dependent on 'tattvajñaḥ' and 'yathāvat-tvam'

तत्त्वज्ञः (tattvajñaḥ) - knower of the essence (knower of the truth, knower of the essence)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tattvajña

tattvajña - knower of the truth/reality/essence

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+jña)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'tat' (that) + '-tva' (state of being)
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate nominative for an implied 'you (are not)'

यथावत्-त्वम् (yathāvat-tvam) - the proper reality (the true nature, the actual state, the proper reality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yathāvat-tva

yathāvat-tva - the state of being as it is, true nature, proper reality

Compound noun formed by adding the suffix '-tva' to the indeclinable 'yathāvat'

Compound type : karmadhāraya (yathāvat+tva)

• yathāvat – as it is, properly, truly, according to reality
  indeclinable
  From 'yathā' + '-vat' (as if, like)
• tva – state of being, -ness (suffix)
  noun (neuter)
  Suffix forming abstract nouns

Note: Acts as a second object of 'knower' or a quality that is not possessed.

नरेश्वर (nareśvara) - O lord of men (nareśvara) (O lord of men, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nareśvara

nareśvara - king, lord of men

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+īśvara)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to be master)
  Root: īś (class 2)