महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-293, verse-41

यदा त्वेष गुणान्सर्वान्प्राकृतानभिमन्यते ।
तदा स गुणवानेव परमेणानुपश्यति ॥४१॥

41. yadā tveṣa guṇānsarvānprākṛtānabhimanyate ,
tadā sa guṇavāneva parameṇānupaśyati.

41. yadā tu eṣaḥ guṇān sarvān prākṛtān abhimanyate
tadā saḥ guṇavān eva parameṇa anupaśyati

41. yadā tu eṣaḥ sarvān prākṛtān guṇān abhimanyate
tadā saḥ guṇavān eva parameṇa anupaśyati

41. But when this individual (puruṣa) recognizes all qualities (guṇa) as belonging to material nature (prakṛti), then he indeed becomes truly virtuous (guṇavān) and perceives by means of the Supreme Self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this individual self (puruṣa) (this (one), he)

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, constituents of nature

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

• प्राकृतान् (prākṛtān) - pertaining to prakṛti, material, natural

• अभिमन्यते (abhimanyate) - he considers, he thinks, he identifies (with), he recognizes

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सः (saḥ) - the individual self (puruṣa) (he, that (one))

• गुणवान् (guṇavān) - possessed of true virtues (not material guṇas) (possessing qualities, virtuous, truly qualified)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• परमेण (parameṇa) - by means of the Supreme Self (ātman) or supreme consciousness (by the highest, by the supreme means/consciousness)

• अनुपश्यति (anupaśyati) - he perceives, he observes, he sees sequentially

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem yad with suffix -dā.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this individual self (puruṣa) (this (one), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, that

Pronominal stem, used as a demonstrative pronoun.

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, constituents of nature

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas), strand, string

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Pronominal stem.

प्राकृतान् (prākṛtān) - pertaining to prakṛti, material, natural

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prākṛta

prākṛta - natural, original, ordinary, material, belonging to prakṛti

Derived from prakṛti with suffix -aṇ (primary suffix forming adjectives).

अभिमन्यते (abhimanyate) - he considers, he thinks, he identifies (with), he recognizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

present middle

Third person singular present middle indicative, with prefix abhi-. From root man (Dhātupāṭha class 4).

Prefix: abhi

Root: man (class 4)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem tad with suffix -dā.

सः (saḥ) - the individual self (puruṣa) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Pronominal stem.

गुणवान् (guṇavān) - possessed of true virtues (not material guṇas) (possessing qualities, virtuous, truly qualified)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇavat

guṇavat - possessing qualities, qualified, virtuous, excellent

Possessive suffix -vat from guṇa.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

परमेण (parameṇa) - by means of the Supreme Self (ātman) or supreme consciousness (by the highest, by the supreme means/consciousness)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, ultimate, best

Superlative form of para.

Note: Here, it implies perception by the Supreme Self or by means of supreme understanding.

अनुपश्यति (anupaśyati) - he perceives, he observes, he sees sequentially

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś

present active

Third person singular present active indicative, with prefix anu-. From root dṛś (often replaced by paś in present system).

Prefix: anu

Root: dṛś (class 1)