महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-293, verse-28

निर्णयं चापि छिद्रात्मा न तं वक्ष्यति तत्त्वतः ।
सोपहासात्मतामेति यस्माच्चैवात्मवानपि ॥२८॥

28. nirṇayaṁ cāpi chidrātmā na taṁ vakṣyati tattvataḥ ,
sopahāsātmatāmeti yasmāccaivātmavānapi.

28. nirṇayam ca api chidrātmā na tam vakṣyati tattvataḥ
saḥ upahāsātmatām eti yasmāt ca eva ātmavān api

28. chidrātmā nirṇayam ca api tattvataḥ tam na vakṣyati.
saḥ upahāsātmatām eti yasmāt ca eva ātmavān api

28. Moreover, one with a flawed understanding (chidrātmā) cannot truly explain a definitive conclusion. Such a person becomes an object of ridicule, because even one who is wise (ātmavān) would find them laughable.

Words meanings summery:

• निर्णयम् (nirṇayam) - a definitive conclusion (definitive conclusion, certainty)

• च (ca) - moreover (and, also)

• अपि (api) - (emphasizing the difficulty) (even, also, too)

• छिद्रात्मा (chidrātmā) - one with a flawed understanding (one with flaws, one whose mind/soul is defective, fault-finding)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तम् (tam) - that (definitive conclusion) (that, him, it)

• वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - will explain (will explain, will speak, will declare)

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly (truly, in reality, according to the essence)

• सः (saḥ) - such a person (he, that)

• उपहासात्मताम् (upahāsātmatām) - state of being an object of ridicule (state of being an object of ridicule, state of being laughable)

• एति (eti) - attains, becomes (attains, goes, reaches)

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (from which, because)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, only)

• आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - wise (self-possessed, wise, intelligent, having a soul/self)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

Words meanings and morphology

निर्णयम् (nirṇayam) - a definitive conclusion (definitive conclusion, certainty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirṇaya

nirṇaya - decision, ascertainment, definitive conclusion, certainty

Prefix: nir

Root: ṇī (class 1)

च (ca) - moreover (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - (emphasizing the difficulty) (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

छिद्रात्मा (chidrātmā) - one with a flawed understanding (one with flaws, one whose mind/soul is defective, fault-finding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chidrāṭman

chidrāṭman - one having flaws in the self/mind, fault-finding

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chidra+ātman)

• chidra – hole, fault, flaw, defect
  noun (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, mind, essence
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (definitive conclusion) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - will explain (will explain, will speak, will declare)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

future tense, active voice

3rd person singular, future, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly (truly, in reality, according to the essence)

(indeclinable)

adverbial suffix -tas

सः (saḥ) - such a person (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उपहासात्मताम् (upahāsātmatām) - state of being an object of ridicule (state of being an object of ridicule, state of being laughable)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upahāsātmatā

upahāsātmatā - ridiculousness, the state of being laughable

abstract noun from upahāsa + ātman + -tā

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (upahāsa+ātman)

• upahāsa – ridicule, mockery
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: has (class 1)
• ātman – self, nature, essence
  noun (masculine)
• tā – suffix forming abstract nouns
  suffix (feminine)
  abstract noun forming suffix

एति (eti) - attains, becomes (attains, goes, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

present tense, active voice

3rd person singular, present, parasmaipada

Root: i (class 2)

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (from which, because)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - wise (self-possessed, wise, intelligent, having a soul/self)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmavat

ātmavat - possessing an ātmā/self, wise, intelligent, self-controlled

possessive suffix -vat

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)