महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-211, verse-8

ऋषीणामाहुरेकं यं कामादवसितं नृषु ।
शाश्वतं सुखमत्यन्तमन्विच्छन्स सुदुर्लभम् ॥८॥

8. ṛṣīṇāmāhurekaṁ yaṁ kāmādavasitaṁ nṛṣu ,
śāśvataṁ sukhamatyantamanvicchansa sudurlabham.

8. ṛṣīṇām āhuḥ ekam yam kāmāt avasitam nṛṣu śāśvatam
sukham atyantam anvicchan saḥ su durlabham

8. yam ṛṣīṇām ekam nṛṣu kāmāt avasitam āhuḥ saḥ
śāśvatam atyantam su durlabham sukham anvicchan

8. They speak of one among the sages who, having ceased from worldly desires (kāma) among men, seeks that extremely rare, eternal, and ultimate happiness.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - among the sages (as a group) (of sages, of seers)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they speak (of him) (they say, they speak)

• एकम् (ekam) - one (person) (one, a single one)

• यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the sage) (whom, which)

• कामात् (kāmāt) - from worldly desires (from desire, due to desire)

• अवसितम् (avasitam) - having ceased (from desires) (ceased, stopped, withdrawn, settled, accomplished)

• नृषु (nṛṣu) - among men (among men, in men)

• शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal (eternal, perpetual, lasting)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, joy, ease, pleasure)

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - ultimate (ultimate, extreme, excessive, endless)

• अन्विच्छन् (anvicchan) - seeking (seeking, searching for, following)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the sage) (he, that)

• सु (su) - very (intensifier) (well, good, very, exceedingly)

• दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare (difficult to obtain, rare, unattainable)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - among the sages (as a group) (of sages, of seers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic hymn author

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they speak (of him) (they say, they speak)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √ah (brū)

Perfect 3rd Plural (āhuḥ is an archaic perfect form from root ah, interchangeable with brū)

Root 'ah' used in perfect forms, like 'āha' (he said), 'āhuḥ' (they said).

Root: √ah (class 2)

Note: Archaic perfect form used in present sense.

एकम् (ekam) - one (person) (one, a single one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, a certain

Note: Functions here as a substantive.

यम् (yam) - whom (referring to the sage) (whom, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

कामात् (kāmāt) - from worldly desires (from desire, due to desire)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, longing, love, sensual pleasure

Root: √kam (class 1)

अवसितम् (avasitam) - having ceased (from desires) (ceased, stopped, withdrawn, settled, accomplished)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasita

avasita - ceased, finished, ended, settled, withdrawn

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ava' + root '√sā' (to set down, to finish, to cease).

Prefix: ava

Root: √sā (class 4)

नृषु (nṛṣu) - among men (among men, in men)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, person, hero

शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal (eternal, perpetual, lasting)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant, ever-lasting

Derived from 'śāśvat' (perpetual).

Note: Agrees with 'sukham'.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, joy, ease, pleasure)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort, ease

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - ultimate (ultimate, extreme, excessive, endless)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atyanta

atyanta - ultimate, excessive, endless, very great, extreme

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+anta)

• ati – beyond, over, excessively
  indeclinable
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'sukham'.

अन्विच्छन् (anvicchan) - seeking (seeking, searching for, following)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anvicchat

anvicchat - seeking, searching, following

Present Active Participle

From prefix 'anu' + root '√iṣ' (to seek, desire), with 'cch' insertion.

Prefix: anu

Root: √iṣ (class 4)

Note: Participial form, acts as the subject.

सः (saḥ) - he (the sage) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'anvicchan'.

सु (su) - very (intensifier) (well, good, very, exceedingly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Intensifier for 'durlabham'.

दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare (difficult to obtain, rare, unattainable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, inaccessible

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (secondary suffix 'a')

From prefix 'dur' + root '√labh' (to obtain, get).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+labha)

• dur – badly, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• labha – obtaining, gain, acquisition
  noun (masculine)
  From √labh (to obtain).
  Root: √labh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sukham'.