महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-211, verse-44

एवमर्थैरनर्थैश्च दुःखिताः सर्वजन्तवः ।
आगमैरपकृष्यन्ते हस्तिपैर्हस्तिनो यथा ॥४४॥

44. evamarthairanarthaiśca duḥkhitāḥ sarvajantavaḥ ,
āgamairapakṛṣyante hastipairhastino yathā.

44. evam arthaiḥ anarthaiḥ ca duḥkhitāḥ sarvajantavaḥ
āgamaiḥ apakṛṣyante hastipaiḥ hastinaḥ yathā

44. sarvajantavaḥ evam arthaiḥ ca anarthaiḥ duḥkhitāḥ
āgamaiḥ apakṛṣyante yathā hastipaiḥ hastinaḥ

44. Thus, tormented by both desirable and undesirable things, all living beings are dragged away by various attractions, just as elephants are pulled by mahouts.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, in such a way

• अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - by desirable things (objects of desire) (by objects, by purposes, by wealth, by desirable things)

• अनर्थैः (anarthaiḥ) - by undesirable things (by undesirable things, by misfortunes, by meaningless things)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दुःखिताः (duḥkhitāḥ) - tormented (pained, distressed, suffering)

• सर्वजन्तवः (sarvajantavaḥ) - all living beings (all living beings, all creatures)

• आगमैः (āgamaiḥ) - by various attractions (entanglements) (by arrivals, by acquisitions, by entanglements, by traditional teachings)

• अपकृष्यन्ते (apakṛṣyante) - are dragged away (are dragged away, are pulled away, are attracted)

• हस्तिपैः (hastipaiḥ) - by mahouts (by mahouts, by elephant-drivers)

• हस्तिनः (hastinaḥ) - elephants

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, in such a way

(indeclinable)

अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - by desirable things (objects of desire) (by objects, by purposes, by wealth, by desirable things)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of artha

artha - aim, purpose, object, wealth, meaning, thing, desirable thing

अनर्थैः (anarthaiḥ) - by undesirable things (by undesirable things, by misfortunes, by meaningless things)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anartha

anartha - misfortune, undesirable thing, meaninglessness, uselessness

Negation of artha (na artha)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+artha)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• artha – aim, purpose, object, wealth, meaning, thing, desirable thing
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दुःखिताः (duḥkhitāḥ) - tormented (pained, distressed, suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, grieved, suffering, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from duḥkhayati (to pain, distress)

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Adjective here modifying 'sarvajantavaḥ'.

सर्वजन्तवः (sarvajantavaḥ) - all living beings (all living beings, all creatures)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvajantu

sarvajantu - all creatures, all living beings

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+jantu)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective
• jantu – creature, living being, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

आगमैः (āgamaiḥ) - by various attractions (entanglements) (by arrivals, by acquisitions, by entanglements, by traditional teachings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āgama

āgama - coming, arrival, accession, acquisition, knowledge, scripture, tradition

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Instrument of being dragged away.

अपकृष्यन्ते (apakṛṣyante) - are dragged away (are dragged away, are pulled away, are attracted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛṣ

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Derived from root kṛṣ with upasarga apa.

हस्तिपैः (hastipaiḥ) - by mahouts (by mahouts, by elephant-drivers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hastipa

hastipa - mahout, elephant-driver

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (hastin+pa)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hasta
• pa – protector, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Agent in comparison.

हस्तिनः (hastinaḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hastin

hastin - elephant

Root: hasta

Note: Subject in comparison.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

(indeclinable)