महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-211, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
केन वृत्तेन वृत्तज्ञो जनको मिथिलाधिपः ।
जगाम मोक्षं धर्मज्ञो भोगानुत्सृज्य मानुषान् ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kena vṛttena vṛttajño janako mithilādhipaḥ ,
jagāma mokṣaṁ dharmajño bhogānutsṛjya mānuṣān.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca kena vṛttena vṛttajñaḥ janakaḥ
mithilādhipaḥ jagāma mokṣam dharmajñaḥ bhogān utsṛjya mānuṣān

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca vṛttajñaḥ dharmajñaḥ mithilādhipaḥ
janakaḥ mānuṣān bhogān utsṛjya kena vṛttena mokṣam jagāma?

1. Yudhishthira said: "By what kind of conduct did King Janaka, the ruler of Mithila (Mithilādhipaḥ), who was wise in behavior (vṛttajñaḥ) and knowledgeable in (dharma), attain final liberation (mokṣa) after renouncing human enjoyments?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• केन (kena) - by what, with what

• वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by conduct, by means, by way of life

• वृत्तज्ञः (vṛttajñaḥ) - wise in behavior (knower of conduct, wise in behavior)

• जनकः (janakaḥ) - Janaka (proper name of the king)

• मिथिलाधिपः (mithilādhipaḥ) - ruler of Mithila

• जगाम (jagāma) - attained, went, reached

• मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation (mokṣa), release, freedom)

• धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knowledgeable in (dharma) (knower of dharma (dharma), righteous)

• भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, pleasures, experiences

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, renouncing, giving up

• मानुषान् (mānuṣān) - human (enjoyments) (human (enjoyments), related to humans)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vad (class 1)

केन (kena) - by what, with what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Agrees with 'vṛttena'

वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by conduct, by means, by way of life

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, occurrence, something that has happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt + kta

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वृत्तज्ञः (vṛttajñaḥ) - wise in behavior (knower of conduct, wise in behavior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛttajña

vṛttajña - one who knows conduct/behavior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛtta+jña)

• vṛtta – conduct, behavior
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

जनकः (janakaḥ) - Janaka (proper name of the king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - Janaka, father

मिथिलाधिपः (mithilādhipaḥ) - ruler of Mithila

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mithilādhipa

mithilādhipa - ruler of Mithila

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mithilā+adhipa)

• mithilā – Mithila (name of a city/kingdom)
  proper noun (feminine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

जगाम (jagāma) - attained, went, reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation (mokṣa), release, freedom)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, salvation

Root: muc (class 6)

धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knowledgeable in (dharma) (knower of dharma (dharma), righteous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - one who knows dharma, righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, pleasures, experiences

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, experience, food

Root: bhuj (class 7)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, renouncing, giving up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from prefix ut + root sṛj + suffix ya

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

मानुषान् (mānuṣān) - human (enjoyments) (human (enjoyments), related to humans)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, belonging to man

Note: Agrees with 'bhogān'