महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-211, verse-47

भूव्योमतोयानलवायवो हि सदा शरीरं परिपालयन्ति ।
इतीदमालक्ष्य कुतो रतिर्भवेद्विनाशिनो ह्यस्य न शर्म विद्यते ॥४७॥

47. bhūvyomatoyānalavāyavo hi; sadā śarīraṁ paripālayanti ,
itīdamālakṣya kuto ratirbhave;dvināśino hyasya na śarma vidyate.

47. bhū vyoma toya anala vāyavaḥ hi
sadā śarīram paripālayanti iti
idam ālakṣya kutaḥ ratiḥ bhavet
vināśinaḥ hi asya na śarma vidyate

47. hi bhū vyoma toya anala vāyavaḥ
sadā śarīram paripālayanti iti
idam ālakṣya vināśinaḥ asya kutaḥ
ratiḥ bhavet hi na śarma vidyate

47. Indeed, the elements of earth, sky, water, fire, and air constantly sustain the body. Having thus observed this, how can there be any attachment or delight in this perishable (body)? For indeed, no true comfort exists for it.

Words meanings summery:

• भूव्योमतोयानलवायवः (bhūvyomatoyānalavāyavaḥ) - the elements (earth, sky, water, fire, and air) (earth, sky, water, fire, and air (the elements))

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

• सदा (sadā) - constantly (always, constantly)

• शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

• परिपालयन्ति (paripālayanti) - they sustain (they protect, they nourish, they preserve)

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this way)

• इदम् (idam) - this (fact) (this)

• आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) - having observed (having perceived, having observed, having understood)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - how? (whence? from where? how? why?)

• रतिः (ratiḥ) - attachment or delight (delight, pleasure, attachment, love)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - can there be (may be, should be, would be)

• विनाशिनः (vināśinaḥ) - in this perishable (body) (of the perishable, of the transient, of the mortal)

• हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, for, because)

• अस्य (asya) - for it (referring to the body) (of this)

• न (na) - no (not, no)

• शर्म (śarma) - true comfort (happiness, comfort, welfare, protection)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is found, is present)

Words meanings and morphology

भूव्योमतोयानलवायवः (bhūvyomatoyānalavāyavaḥ) - the elements (earth, sky, water, fire, and air) (earth, sky, water, fire, and air (the elements))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūvyomatoyānalavāyu

bhūvyomatoyānalavāyu - earth, sky, water, fire, and air (the five elements)

Compound type : dvandva (bhū+vyoman+toya+anala+vāyu)

• bhū – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• vyoman – sky, atmosphere, space
  noun (neuter)
• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• anala – fire
  noun (masculine)
• vāyu – air, wind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'paripālayanti'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

सदा (sadā) - constantly (always, constantly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'paripālayanti'.

शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame

Note: Object of 'paripālayanti'.

परिपालयन्ति (paripālayanti) - they sustain (they protect, they nourish, they preserve)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of paripālaya

causative (from root pā) or denominative (from pāla)

Derived from root pā (to protect) in causative form, or from noun pāla (protector) as denominative verb, with upasarga pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: pā (class 10)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the preceding statement.

इदम् (idam) - this (fact) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Object of 'ālakṣya'.

आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) - having observed (having perceived, having observed, having understood)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund (prefix)

Absolutive from root lakṣ (to perceive, observe) with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies the action of questioning delight.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - how? (whence? from where? how? why?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

रतिः (ratiḥ) - attachment or delight (delight, pleasure, attachment, love)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rati

rati - delight, pleasure, enjoyment, attachment, love

From root ram (to delight).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - can there be (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses possibility or potential.

विनाशिनः (vināśinaḥ) - in this perishable (body) (of the perishable, of the transient, of the mortal)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vināśin

vināśin - perishable, destructive, mortal, transient

agent noun/adjective

Derived from root naś (to perish) with upasarga vi, and suffix -in

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'asya' (referring to the body).

हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a reason.

अस्य (asya) - for it (referring to the body) (of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Refers to the 'body' (śarīram).

न (na) - no (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the existence of 'śarma'.

शर्म (śarma) - true comfort (happiness, comfort, welfare, protection)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śarman

śarman - happiness, joy, comfort, welfare, protection

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is found, is present)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Verb of existence.